Based on promising results over the past 10 years, the method of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has developed from being used as a ‘rescue therapy’ to become an accepted treatment option for patien...
Authors: Norbert Banjas, Hans-Bernd Hopf, Ernst Hanisch, Benjamin Friedrichson, Julia Fichte and Alexander Buia
In patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), an association between hypocapnia and poor clinical outcomes has been reported. However, the optimal arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) remains unkn...
Authors: Shota Yokoyama, Toru Hifumi, Tomoya Okazaki, Takahisa Noma, Kenya Kawakita, Takashi Tamiya, Tetsuo Minamino and Yasuhiro Kuroda
The western Japan rainstorm disaster on July 6, 2018, was one of the most serious natural catastrophes in Japan, excluding earthquake events. Its main characteristics were severe and widespread flooding and la...
Authors: Shinichiro Ohshimo, Takuma Sadamori and Nobuaki Shime
Data regarding trends of muscle loss on ultrasonography (USG) and its relationship with various outcomes among critically ill patients is limited. This study aimed to describe the trends of loss of muscle thic...
Physical rehabilitation (PR) interventions in the intensive care unit (ICU) can improve patients’ functional outcomes, yet systematic reviews identified discordant effects and poor reporting. We conducted a sc...
Authors: Julie C. Reid, Janelle Unger, Devin McCaskell, Laura Childerhose, David J. Zorko and Michelle E. Kho
The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2016 suggested against the use of the early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) in patients with septic shock. This recommendation w...
Nuclear histone proteins are released into the extracellular space during sepsis and act as major mediators of death. However, circulating histone levels have not been precisely quantified.
We have read the case report about a decompression sickness that was unresponsive to hyperbaric oxygen treatment in your journal. Presented case is intriguing; however, we think there are some contradictive is...
It is interesting to find that Japanese clinicians continue to hesitate to change their practice even after accumulating evidence for the inefficacy of high-dose corticosteroid for ARDS in the Letters to the E...
It is not clear whether vasopressin versus norepinephrine changed mortality in clinical practice in the Vasopressin and Septic Shock Trial (VASST) coordinating center hospital after VASST was published. We tes...
Authors: James A. Russell, Hugh Wellman and Keith R. Walley
A recombinant form of antithrombin (AT), called AT gamma, is being developed as an alternative to AT derived from human plasma. To compare the efficacy and safety of AT gamma to plasma-derived AT (pAT), we con...
High red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with worse outcome in diverse scenarios, including in critical illness. The Sabadell score (SS) predicts in-hospital survival after ICU discharge. We ...
Authors: Rafael Fernandez, Silvia Cano, Ignacio Catalan, Olga Rubio, Carles Subira, Jaume Masclans, Gina Rognoni, Lara Ventura, Caroline Macharete, Len Winfield and Josep Mª. Alcoverro
Sepsis biomarker panels that provide diagnostic and prognostic discrimination in sepsis patients would be transformative to patient care. We assessed the mortality prediction and diagnostic discriminatory accu...
Authors: Christopher Duplessis, Michael Gregory, Kenneth Frey, Matthew Bell, Luu Truong, Kevin Schully, James Lawler, Raymond J. Langley, Stephen F. Kingsmore, Christopher W. Woods, Emanuel P. Rivers, Anja K. Jaehne, Eugenia B. Quackenbush, Vance G. Fowler, Ephraim L. Tsalik and Danielle Clark
The optimal level of glycemic control in ICU patients has been the subject of intense investigation over the last 20 years. A pivotal study (the NICE-SUGAR study) involving more than 6,000 patients has establi...
This review is for Con side of “Pro-Con debate” on the optimal target of blood glucose levels in patients with chronic hyperglycemia (e.g. premorbid HbA1c level > 7%). Currently, international guideline recomm...
Candida spp. infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Candida auris is an emerging multi-drug-resistant fungus that is rapidly spreading worldwide. Since the first repor...
Authors: Andrea Cortegiani, Giovanni Misseri, Teresa Fasciana, Anna Giammanco, Antonino Giarratano and Anuradha Chowdhary
The advances of research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) are of particular interest to the clinicians as well as the researchers who are studying coagulation disorder in sepsis. Here, we intend to update the l...
Patients who require a prolonged weaning process comprise a highly heterogeneous group of patients amongst whom the outcome differs significantly. The present study aimed to identify the factors that predict w...
Authors: Friederike Sophie Magnet, Hannah Bleichroth, Sophie Emilia Huttmann, Jens Callegari, Sarah Bettina Schwarz, Claudia Schmoor, Wolfram Windisch and Jan Hendrik Storre
Several advanced and developing countries are now entering a superaged society, in which the percentage of elderly people exceeds 20% of the total population. In such an aging society, the number of age-relate...
Authors: Shigeaki Inoue, Masafumi Saito and Joji Kotani
Pneumonia complicated by septic shock is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Classification and regression tree methodology is an intuitive method for predicting clinical outcomes using binary...
Authors: Jaime L Speiser, Constantine J Karvellas, Geoffery Shumilak, Wendy I Sligl, Yazdan Mirzanejad, Dave Gurka, Aseem Kumar and Anand Kumar
Management of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains supportive with lung protective mechanical ventilation. In this article, we discuss the physiological concept of driving pressure,...
Authors: Hiroko Aoyama, Yoshitsugu Yamada and Eddy Fan
Community-acquired gram-negative bacillary meningitis is rare to occur without preexisting conditions like trauma, organ dysfunction, and immunocompromised state, and very few case reports with Escherichia coli h...
Authors: Rajesh Kasimahanti, Sai Kandraju Satish and Mridu Anand
Analgosedation is a cornerstone therapy for mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care units (ICU). To avoid inadequate sedation and its complications, monitoring of analgosedation is of great importan...
Authors: Richard J. Nies, Carsten Müller, Roman Pfister, Philipp S. Binder, Nicole Nosseir, Felix S. Nettersheim, Kathrin Kuhr, Martin H. J. Wiesen, Matthias Kochanek and Guido Michels
Cefepime can be removed by continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) due to its pharmacokinetics. The purpose of this study is to define the optimal cefepime dosing regimens for critically ill patients recei...
Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly used in the treatment of depression. While most intoxications with SSRI’s have favorable outcomes and do not require interventions other t...
Authors: Jan Albert Nicolaas Groot, Leonore ten Bokum and Hubertus Laurentius Antonius van den Oever
Both anaemia and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion are common and associated with adverse outcomes in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to determine whether serum hep...
Authors: Edward Litton, Stuart Baker, Wendy Erber, Shannon Farmer, Janet Ferrier, Craig French, Joel Gummer, David Hawkins, Alisa Higgins, Axel Hofmann, Bart De Keulenaer, Julie McMorrow, John K. Olynyk, Toby Richards, Simon Towler, Robert Trengove…
Recent, large trials of high-frequency oscillation (HFO) versus conventional ventilation (CV) in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) reported negative results. This could be explained by an HFO-induced ...
Authors: Spyros D. Mentzelopoulos, Hector Anninos, Sotirios Malachias and Spyros G. Zakynthinos
We aimed to determine predictors of, and outcomes after, veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation instituted within 48 h after cardiac surgery (early ECMO) in young infants.
Authors: Gabriela A. Kuraim, Daniel Garros, Lindsay Ryerson, Fahimeh Moradi, Irina A. Dinu, Gonzalo Garcia Guerra, Diane Moddemann, Gwen Y. Bond, Charlene M. T. Robertson and Ari R. Joffe
Intravenous glycerol treatment, usually administered in the form of a 5% fructose solution, can be used to reduce intracranial pressure. The administered fructose theoretically influences blood lactate levels,...
Authors: Shinshu Katayama, Ken Tonai, Yuya Goto, Kansuke Koyama, Toshitaka Koinuma, Jun Shima, Masahiko Wada and Shin Nunomiya
Although chest compression is a standard technique in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, it is well recognized that manual chest compression causes various internal injuries, of which major injuries are often fata...
Authors: Shigeaki Aoyagi, Tomokazu Kosuga, Kumiko Wada, Shin-ichi Nata and Hiroshi Yasunaga
Fluid responsiveness prediction with continuously available monitoring is an unsettled matter for the vast majority of critically ill patients, and development of new and reliable methods is desired. We hypoth...
Authors: Simon Tilma Vistisen, Martin Buhl Krog, Thomas Elkmann, Mikael Fink Vallentin, Thomas W. L. Scheeren and Christoffer Sølling
Intravenous fluids are one of the most used medical therapy for patients, especially critically ill patients. We conducted a meta-analysis comparing between balanced crystalloids and normal saline in criticall...
Authors: Yazan Z. M. Zayed, Ahmed M. Y. Aburahma, Mahmoud O. Barbarawi, Kewan Hamid, Momen R. N. Banifadel, Laith Rashdan and Ghassan I. Bachuwa
Endotracheal intubation in critically ill is a high-risk procedure requiring significant expertise in airway handling as well as understanding of pathophysiology of the disease process.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome which has a broad range of etiologic factors depending on different clinical settings. Because AKI has significant impacts on prognosis in any clinical settings, early d...
Echocardiography is often used to guide septic shock resuscitation, but without evidence for efficacy. We conducted an intensive care unit (ICU)-based randomized controlled feasibility trial comparing echocard...
Authors: Michael J. Lanspa, Rebecca E. Burk, Emily L. Wilson, Eliotte L. Hirshberg, Colin K. Grissom and Samuel M. Brown
The main problem of hospitalized patients in intensive care units is feeding, and if the patient does not receive the daily caloric intake required to his body, he will have malnutrition and problems related t...
Authors: Farzad Momenfar, Alireza Abdi, Nader Salari, Ali Soroush and Behzad Hemmatpour
Quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) is a new screening system for sepsis. The prognostic performance of qSOFA for patients with suspected infections outside the intensive care unit (ICU) is s...
Because of the complex pathophysiological processes involved, neurocritical care has been driven by anecdotal experience and physician preferences, which has led to care variation worldwide. Standardization of...
Authors: Yasuhiro Norisue, Yoshihisa Fujimoto and Kazuma Nakagawa
Extubation failure is associated with mortality and morbidity in the intensive care unit. Ventilator weaning protocols have been introduced, and extubation is conducted based on the results of a spontaneous br...
New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is a newly defined critical disease entity characterized by prolonged periods of refractory epileptic seizure with no readily identifiable cause in otherwise hea...
Reverse triggering is respiratory entrainment triggered by the ventilator especially seen among heavily sedated patients. We confirmed reverse triggering induced by auto-triggering in lightly sedated patient t...
Authors: Taiga Itagaki, Yoshitoyo Ueno, Nobuto Nakanishi and Jun Oto
Every day in the ICU, legal issues arise while treating sedated, unconscious, and legally incapacitated patients. Whenever a life-saving treatment cannot be discussed in a timely manner with an unconscious pat...
Authors: Doreen Stark, Ruth Stiller, Min Xie, Damian Weber, Marco Maggiorini and Matthias Peter Hilty
Continuous electroencephalogram (CEEG) monitoring is increasingly being used for brain monitoring in neurocritical care setting. This is because of the proven effectiveness of CEEG in diagnosing nonconvulsive ...
Authors: Yuichi Kubota, Hidetoshi Nakamoto, Satoshi Egawa and Takakazu Kawamata
Since the 2009 pandemic influenza, we have nationally established a committee of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) project. This project involves adequate respiratory management for severe respira...
C1 inhibitor (C1-INH), which belongs to the superfamily of serine protease inhibitors, regulates the complement system and also the plasma kallikrein-kinin, fibrinolytic, and coagulation systems. The biologic ...
Authors: Tomoya Hirose, Hiroshi Ogura, Hiroki Takahashi, Masahiro Ojima, Kang Jinkoo, Youhei Nakamura, Takashi Kojima and Takeshi Shimazu
While outcome improvement with extracorporeal CO2 removal (ECCO2R) is not demonstrated, a strong pathophysiological rational supports its use in the setting of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and COPD ...
Authors: Hadrien Winiszewski, François Aptel, François Belon, Nicolas Belin, Claire Chaignat, Cyrille Patry, Cecilia Clermont, Elise David, Jean-Christophe Navellou, Guylaine Labro, Gaël Piton and Gilles Capellier
Clinical benefits of recruitment maneuver in ARDS patients are controversial. A number of previous studies showed possible benefits; a large recent study reported that recruitment maneuver and PEEP titration m...
Authors: Sulagna Bhattacharjee, Kapil D. Soni and Souvik Maitra
