Gaudio FG, Grissom CK. Cooling methods in heat stroke. J Emerg Med. 2016;50:607–16.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Argaud L, Ferry T, Le QH, Marfisi A, Ciorba D, Achache P, Ducluzeau R, Robert D. Short- and long-term outcomes of heatstroke following the 2003 heat wave in Lyon, France. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:2177–83.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dematte JE, O'Mara K, Buescher J, Whitney CG, Forsythe S, McNamee T, Adiga RB, Ndukwu IM. Near-fatal heat stroke during the 1995 heat wave in Chicago. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:173–81.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Naughton MP, Henderson A, Mirabelli MC, Kaiser R, Wilhelm JL, Kieszak SM, Rubin CH, McGeehin MA. Heat-related mortality during a 1999 heat wave in Chicago. Am J Prev Med. 2002;22:221–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Semenza JC, Rubin CH, Falter KH, Selanikio JD, Flanders WD, Howe HL, Wilhelm JL. Heat-related deaths during the July 1995 heat wave in Chicago. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:84–90.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Bouchama A, Knochel JP. Heat stroke. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:1978–88.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Grogan H, Hopkins PM. Heat stroke: implications for critical care and anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2002;88:700–7.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Ikeda Y, Sakemi T, Nishihara G, Nakamura M, Fujisaki T, Koh T, Tomiyoshi Y, Emura S, Taki K. Efficacy of blood purification therapy for heat stroke presenting rapid progress of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: a comparison of five cases. Intensive Care Med. 1999;25:315–8.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Zhou F, Song Q, Peng Z, Pan L, Kang H, Tang S, Yue H, Liu H, Xie F. Effects of continuous venous-venous hemofiltration on heat stroke patients: a retrospective study. J Trauma. 2011;71:1562–8.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Chen GM, Chen YH, Zhang W, Yu Y, Chen JH, Chen J. Therapy of severe heatshock in combination with multiple organ dysfunction with continuous renal replacement therapy: a clinical study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94:e1212.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Inoue N, Sato A, Ikawa Y, Shimizu M, Okajima M, Taniguchi T, Yachie A. Successful treatment of exertional heat stroke using continuous plasma diafiltration. J Clin Apher. 2016;31:490–2.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hamaya H, Hifumi T, Kawakita K, Okazaki T, Kiridume K, Shinohara N, Abe Y, Takano K, Hagiike M, Kuroda Y. Successful management of heat stroke associated with multiple-organ dysfunction by active intravascular cooling. Am J Emerg Med. 2015;33:124. e125-7
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hachiya S, Okajima M, Nakamura M, Sato K, Koshida Y, Noda T, Taniguchi T. Usefulness of continuous electroencephalography in severe heat stroke complicated with multi-organ failure: a case report. J Japanese Assoc Acute Med. 2016;27:125–9.
Google Scholar
Pease S, Bouadma L, Kermarrec N, Schortgen F, Regnier B, Wolff M. Early organ dysfunction course, cooling time and outcome in classic heatstroke. Intensive Care Med. 2009;35:1454–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Misset B, De Jonghe B, Bastuji-Garin S, Gattolliat O, Boughrara E, Annane D, Hausfater P, Garrouste-Orgeas M, Carlet J. Mortality of patients with heatstroke admitted to intensive care units during the 2003 heat wave in France: a national multiple-center risk-factor study. Crit Care Med. 2006;34:1087–92.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tsuruta R, Aruga T, Inoue K, Okudera H, Kitahara T, Shimazaki S. Predictors of poor outcome in mechanically ventilated patients due to heat-related illness. J Japanese Assoc Acute Med. 2010;21:786–91.
Google Scholar
Nakamura S, Miyake Y, Dohi K, Fukuda K, Tanaka K, Aruga T. Sequelae in the central nervous system secondary to heat-related illness: an analysis of the heatstroke STUDY 2006 and heatstroke STUDY 2008. J Japanese Assoc Acute Med. 2011;22:312–8.
Google Scholar
Final report of heatstroke study Japanese Association for Acute Medicine. 2014;25:846–62.
Ohta T, Kikuchi H, Hashi K, Kudo Y. Nizofenone administration in the acute stage following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Results of a multi-center controlled double-blind clinical study. J Neurosurg. 1986;64:420–6.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Gando S, Saitoh D, Ogura H, Mayumi T, Koseki K, Ikeda T, Ishikura H, Iba T, Ueyama M, Eguchi Y, Otomo Y, Okamoto K, Kushimoto S, Endo S, Shimazaki S. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) diagnosed based on the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine criteria is a dependent continuum to overt DIC in patients with sepsis. Thromb Res. 2009;23:715–8.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Singh RK, Baronia AK, Sahoo JN, Sharma S, Naval R, Pandey CM, Poddar B, Azim A, Gurjar M. Prospective comparison of new Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) DIC and International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) DIC score in critically ill septic patients. Thromb Res. 2012;129:e119–25.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Hifumi T, Kondo Y, Shimazaki J, Oda Y, Shiraishi S, Wakasugi M, Kanda J, Moriya T, Yagi M, Ono M, Kawahara T, Tonouchi M, Yokota H, Miyake Y, Shimizu K. Prognostic significance of disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with heat stroke in a nationwide registry. J Crit Care. 2017;44:306–11.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kushimoto S, Yamanouchi S, Endo T, Sato T, Nomura R, Fujita M, Kudo D, Omura T, Miyagawa N, Sato T. Body temperature abnormalities in non-neurological critically ill patients: a review of the literature. J Intensive Care. 2014;2:14.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hughes WT, Armstrong D, Bodey GP, Bow EJ, Brown AE, Calandra T, Feld R, Pizzo PA, Rolston KV, Shenep JL, Young LS. 2002 guidelines for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;34:730–51.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Miyake Y. Pathophysiology of heat illness: thermoregulation, risk factors, and indicators of aggravation. Japan Med Assoc J. 2013;56:167–73.
Google Scholar
Rowell LB. Cardiovascular aspects of human thermoregulation. Circ Res. 1983;52:367–9.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Buono MJ, Sjoholm NT. Effect of physical training on peripheral sweat production. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1988;65:811–4.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Shimazaki. Pathogenesis of heat stroke. 2nd ed. Tokyo: Health; 2017.
Google Scholar
Deschamps A, Levy RD, Cosio MG, Marliss EB, Magder S. Effect of saline infusion on body temperature and endurance during heavy exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1989;66:2799–804.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Tsai YC, Lam KK, Peng YJ, Lee YM, Yang CY, Tsai YJ, Yen MH, Cheng PY. Heat shock protein 70 and AMP-activated protein kinase contribute to 17-DMAG-dependent protection against heat stroke. J Cell Mol Med. 2016;20:1889–97.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Lim CL, Mackinnon LT. The roles of exercise-induced immune system disturbances in the pathology of heat stroke: the dual pathway model of heat stroke. Sports Med. 2006;36:39–64.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Huisse MG, Pease S, Hurtado-Nedelec M, Arnaud B, Malaquin C, Wolff M, Gougerot-Pocidalo MA, Kermarrec N, Bezeaud A, Guillin MC, Paoletti X, Chollet-Martin S. Leukocyte activation: the link between inflammation and coagulation during heatstroke. A study of patients during the 2003 heat wave in Paris. Crit Care Med. 2008;36:2288–95.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Tong HS, Tang YQ, Chen Y, Qiu JM, Wen Q, Su L. Early elevated HMGB1 level predicting the outcome in exertional heatstroke. J Trauma. 2011;71:808–14.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Hausfater P, Megarbane B, Dautheville S, Patzak A, Andronikof M, Santin A, Andre S, Korchia L, Terbaoui N, Kierzek G, Doumenc B, Leroy C, Riou B. Prognostic factors in non-exertional heatstroke. Intensive Care Med. 2010;36:272–80.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Le Gall JR, Lemeshow S, Saulnier F. A new Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) based on a European/North American multicenter study. JAMA. 1993;270:2957–63.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Weiner JS, Khogali MA. Physiological body-cooling unit for treatment of heat. stroke Lancet. 1980;1:507–9.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Al-Aska AK, Abu-Aisha H, Yaqub B, Al-Harthi SS, Sallam A. Simplified cooling bed for heatstroke. Lancet. 1987;1:381.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
White JD, Riccobene E, Nucci R, Johnson C, Butterfield AB, Kamath R. Evaporation versus iced gastric lavage treatment of heatstroke: comparative efficacy in a canine model. Crit Care Med. 1987;15:748–50.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Hong JY, Lai YC, Chang CY, Chang SC, Tang GJ. Successful treatment of severe heatstroke with therapeutic hypothermia by a noninvasive external cooling system. Ann Emerg Med. 2012;59:491–3.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Diringer MN. Treatment of fever in the neurologic intensive care unit with a catheter-based heat exchange system. Crit Care Med. 2004;32:559–64.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Broessner G, Beer R, Franz G, Lackner P, Engelhardt K, Brenneis C, Pfausler B, Schmutzhard E. Case report: severe heat stroke with multiple organ dysfunction—a novel intravascular treatment approach. Crit Care. 2005;9:R498–501.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Megarbane B, Resiere D, Delahaye A, Baud FJ. Endovascular hypothermia for heat stroke: a case report. Intensive Care Med. 2004;30:170.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Murai A, Nakamura Y, Ichiki R, Yuge R, Umemura T, Ishikura H. Core temperature cooling of severe heat stroke patients using extracorporeal circulation with circuits of hemodialtration. J Japanese Assoc Acute Med. 2013;24:977–83.
Google Scholar
Pechlaner C, Kaneider NC, Djanani A, Sandhofer A, Schratzberger P, Patsch JR. Antithrombin and near-fatal exertional heat stroke. Acta Med Austriaca. 2002;29:107–11.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hagiwara S, Iwasaka H, Shingu C, Matsumoto S, Uchida T, Noguchi T. High-dose antithrombin III prevents heat stroke by attenuating systemic inflammation in rats. Inflamm Res. 2010;59:511–8.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Vincent JL, Ramesh MK, Ernest D, LaRosa SP, Pachl J, Aikawa N, Hoste E, Levy H, Hirman J, Levi M, Daga M, Kutsogiannis DJ, Crowther M, Bernard GR, Devriendt J, Puigserver JV, Blanzaco DU, Esmon CT, Parrillo JE, Guzzi L, Henderson SJ, Pothirat C, Mehta P, Fareed J, Talwar D, Tsuruta K, Gorelick KJ, Osawa Y, Kaul I. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2b study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin, ART-123, in patients with sepsis and suspected disseminated intravascular coagulation. Crit Care Med. 2013;41:2069–79.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Mohri M, Sugimoto E, Sata M, Asano T. The inhibitory effect of recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin on initiation and extension of coagulation—a comparison with other anticoagulants. Thromb Haemost. 1999;82:1687–93.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Hagiwara S, Iwasaka H, Goto K, Ochi Y, Mizunaga S, Saikawa T, Noguchi T. Recombinant thrombomodulin prevents heatstroke by inhibition of high-mobility group box 1 protein in sera of rats. Shock. 2010;34:402–6.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Sakurai S, Kitada M, Hashimoto S, Harada M, Kimura F, Takahashi T. Two cases of heatstroke-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation treated successfully with thrombomodulin alfa. J Japanese Assoc Acute Med. 2013;24:367–73.
Google Scholar
Nakae H, Eguchi Y, Yoshioka T, Yoshimura N, Isono M. Plasma diafiltration therapy in patients with postoperative liver failure. Ther Apher Dial. 2011;15:406–10.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nakae H, Eguchi Y, Saotome T, Yoshioka T, Yoshimura N, Kishi Y, Naka T, Furuya T. Multicenter study of plasma diafiltration in patients with acute liver failure. Ther Apher Dial. 2010;14:444–50.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Nakae H, Igarashi T, Tajimi K, Noguchi A, Takahashi I, Tsuchida S, Takahashi T, Asanuma YA. Case report of pediatric fulminant hepatitis treated with plasma diafiltration. Ther Apher Dial. 2008;12:329–32.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Yonemitsu K, Haku K, Maeno Y, Ohnishi M, Nishino M, Kinoshita Y, Sadamitsu D. Successful conservative management of fulminant hepatic failure following exertional heatstroke. J Japanese Assoc Acute Med. 2008;19:440–4.
Google Scholar
Hart GR, Anderson RJ, Crumpler CP, Shulkin A, Reed G, Knochel JP. Epidemic classical heat stroke: clinical characteristics and course of 28 patients. Medicine. 1982;61:189–97.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Peiris AN, Jaroudi S, Heat Stroke NR. JAMA. 2017;318:2503.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
How to Stay Cool in Extreme Heat [https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/how_to_stay_cool_video.html].