|
Gastrointestinal disorders
|
|
Prolonged nasogastric suction
|
|
Malabsorption syndromes
|
|
Extensive bowel resection
|
|
Acute and chronic diarrhea
|
|
Intestinal and biliary fistulae
|
|
Protein-calorie malnutrition (parenteral nutrition, anorexia, refeeding syndrome)
|
|
Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis
|
|
Primary intestinal hypomagnesemia (neonatal)
|
|
Renal loss
|
|
Chronic parenteral fluid therapy
|
|
Osmotic diuresis (glucose, mannitol, urea)
|
|
Hypercalcemia
|
|
Alcohol
|
|
Drugs (see Table 2)
|
|
Metabolic acidosis (starvation, ketoacidosis, alcoholism)
|
|
Renal diseases
|
|
Chronic pyelonephritis, interstitial nephritis, and glomerulonephritis
|
|
Diuretic phase of acute tubular necrosis
|
|
Postobstructive nephropathy
|
|
Renal tubular acidosis
|
|
Post-renal transplantation
|
|
Primary renal hypomagnesemia
|
