Treatment | No limitation (n = 7991) | Withholding (n = 1181) | Withdrawal (n = 551) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Organ support modalities, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
IMV days, median (IQR) | 2 (0–3) | 3 (1–7) | 5 (3–9) |  < 0.001 |
Respiratory |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
 Advanced supporta | 5782 (72.4) | 1033 (87.5) | 545 (98.9) |  |
 Basic supportb | 655 (8.2) | 78 (6.6) | 4 (0.7) |  |
 No support | 1554 (19.5) | 70 (5.9) | 2 (0.4) |  |
Cardiovascular |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
 Advanced supportc | 1912 (23.9) | 512 (43.4) | 168 (30.5) |  |
 Basic supportd | 5158 (64.6) | 575 (48.7) | 353 (64.1) |  |
 No support | 921 (11.5) | 94 (8) | 30 (5.4) |  |
Gastrointestinale | 3929 (49.2) | 724 (61.3) | 423 (76.8) |  < 0.001 |
Neurologicalf | 836 (10.5) | 126 (10.7) | 131 (23.8) |  < 0.001 |
Renalg | 1268 (15.9) | 329 (27.9) | 106 (19.2) |  < 0.001 |
Liverh | 104 (1.3) | 31 (2.6) | 10 (1.8) | 0.002 |
Dermatologicali | 11 (0.1) | 4 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | 0.190 |
Number of organs supported, median (IQR) | 2 (2–2) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) |  < 0.001 |
Percentage of days spent at level of care, median (IQR) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Level 3j | 75 (40–100) | 100 (88–100) | 100 (95–100) |  < 0.001 |
 Level 2 k | 17 (0–50) | 0 (0–10) | 0 (0–3) |  < 0.001 |
 Level 1 l | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) |  < 0.001 |
 Level 0 m | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.028 |
Care in first 24 h of ICU admission, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
 Level 3 | 5437 (68) | 963 (81.5) | 487 (88.4) |  |
 Level 2 | 1500 (18.8) | 101 (8.6) | 7 (1.3) |  |
 Level 1 or Level 0 | 1054 (13.2) | 117 (9.9) | 57 (10.3) |  |
Care at ICU discharge, n (%)* | (n = 7591) | (n = 394) | (n = 222) |  < 0.001 |
 Level 3 | 574 (7.6) | 36 (9.1) | 3 (1.4) |  |
 Level 2 | 3967 (52.3) | 177 (44.9) | 85 (38.3) |  |
 Level 1 | 2771 (36.5) | 169 (42.9) | 122 (55) |  |
 Level 0 | 279 (3.7) | 12 (3.1) | 12 (5.4) |  |