Table 1 Basic demographics, echocardiographic findings and outcomes of all patients
Demographics of the patients (n = 2519) | ||
|---|---|---|
Age (Years) | Available data (N) | 64 (53–73) |
Male sex | 1216 (48.3%) | |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 2314 | 28.1 (23.5–34.1) |
Cirrhosis n (%) | 340 (13.5%) | |
COPD n (%) | 610 (24.2%) | |
Diabetes Mellitus n (%) | 800 (31.8%) | |
Chronic dialysis n (%) | 348 (13.8%) | |
Immunosuppression n (%) | 661 (26.3%) | |
Malignancy n (%) | 565 (22.4%) | |
APACHE III score | 2515 | 85 (67–108) |
Type of sepsis | ||
Sepsis n (%) | 1486 (59%) | |
Septic shock n (%) | 1032 (41%) | |
Vitals and Labs on ICU admission | ||
WBC (k/µl) | 2384 | 13.5 [6.5–20.1) |
Lactate max in 24 h (mmol/L) | 2347 | 1.90 (0.80–3.80) |
Peak troponin (day 7) (ng/dL) | 0.01 (0.00–0.12) | |
Echocardiographic variables | ||
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 2304 | 105 (94–1190 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 2304 | 56 (51–63) |
Heart rate (bpm) | 2389 | 90 977–105) |
Fluid balance on the day of echo (ml) | 2451 | 1,171 (494–2,383) |
LVEF (%) | 58 (50–65) | |
LVEF assessed by Simpson Method | 1785 (70.1%) | |
LVEDV (ml) | 1930 | 35.93 (25.4–51.8) |
LVESV (ml) | 1827 | 95.1 (74.2–120.4) |
MV Annulus peak s’ lateral (cm/s) | 9.0 (7.0–11.0) | |
MV Annulus peak s’ septal (cm/s) | 8.0 (6.0–10.0) | |
MV Annulus peak s’ average (cm/s) | 8.5 (6.5–10.5) | |
MV Annulus peak e’ lateral (cm/s) | 10.0 (7.0–12.0) | |
MV Annulus peak e’ septal (cm/s) | 7.1 (6.0–9.0) | |
E/e’ ratio (cm/s) | 1878 | 10.1 (7.7–13.1) |
E/A | 1790 | 1.04 (0.78–1.38) |
LA volume index (ml/m2) | 1624 | 26.2 (18.8–35.7) |
TAPSE (cm) | 1817 | 1.90 (1.51–2.30) |
RV TDI S’(cm/s) | 2314 | 12.3 (10–15.4) |
RVSP (mmHg) | 1983 | 39 (31–48) |
LVOT–VTI SV (ml) | 2289 | 65 (44.6–87.2) |
LV Cardiac Output (L/min) | 2281 | 5.8 (3.6–9.0) |
Time to Echo from ICU admission (Hr) | 17 (9–34) | |
Outcomes | ||
Max NEE in 24 h (mcg/kg/min) | 0.33 (0.15–0.69) | |
Epinephrine (n, %) | 221 (8.8%) | |
Other Inotropes# (n, %) | 120 (4.7%) | |
Mechanical ventilation | 1228 (48.7%) | |
28-day mortality from ICU admission | 648 (25.7%) | |
In-hospital mortality | 712 (28.3%) | |
30-day hospital free days | 1.97 (0.01–6.59) | |