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Table 1 Characteristics of participants

From: Stomach position evaluated using computed tomography is related to successful post-pyloric enteral feeding tube placement in critically ill patients: a retrospective observational study

 

Overall (n = 453)

Success (n = 197)

Failure (n = 256)

P-value

Age (years)

68 (57–76)

68 (53–75)

69 (60–77)

0.07

Male sex, n (%)

272 (60)

107 (24)

165 (36)

0.03

Height (cm)

162 (155–168)

161 (155–168)

162 (155–168)

0.69

 Missing value, n (%)

14 (3)

5 (1)

9 (2)

 

Weight (kg)

59 (49–68)

60 (50–69)

58 (49–66)

0.31

Body mass index (kg/m2)

22.5 (19.9–25.4)

22.9 (20.1–25.7)

22.4 (19.8–25.0)

0.16

 Missing value, n (%)

14 (3)

5 (1)

9 (2)

 

Patient category

 Medical, n (%)

209 (46)

98 (22)

111 (24)

0.18

 Surgical, n (%)

244 (54)

99 (22)

145 (32)

 

SOFA score at initial procedure

11 (8–13)

10 (8–13)

11 (8–13)

0.41

Absence of intestinal peristalsis, n (%)

357 (79)

151 (34)

205 (45)

0.42

Use of a prokinetic agent, n (%)

28 (6)

15 (3)

13 (3)

0.33

Position of the stomach evaluated by CT

L2 (L1 to L3)

L2 (L1 to L3)

L2 (L1 to L3)

0.01

 > L2, n (%)

172 (38)

83 (18)

89 (20)

0.12

 ≤ L2, n (%)

281 (62)

114 (25)

167 (37)

 

Length (cm)

9.2 (6.3–12.4)

10.0 (6.9–13.2)

8.7 (6.1–11.7)

0.002

 Missing value, n (%)

16 (4)

6 (1)

10 (2)

 

Angle (°)

21 (0–35)

20.0 (0–32.0)

21.1 (0–36.7)

0.17

Hiatal hernia, n (%)

21 (5)

8 (2)

13 (3)

0.66

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

95 (21)

43 (10)

52 (11)

0.73

Right lateral position, n (%)

190 (42)

78 (17)

112 (25)

0.39

Degree of experience

 Junior/senior resident, n (%)

105 (23)

51 (12)

54 (11)

0.16

 Others, n (%)

260 (57)

105 (23)

155 (34)

 

 Missing values, n (%)

88 (19)

41 (9)

47 (10)

 

Renal replacement therapy, n (%)

59 (13)

21 (5)

38 (8)

0.21

Fluid balance from baseline (kg)

2.2 (0.3–4.7)

2.2 (0.0–4.9)

2.2 (0.7–4.6)

0.82

Serum albumin (g/dL)

2.7 (2.3–3.1)

2.7 (2.3–3.1)

2.7 (2.3–3.1)

0.97

Use of sedatives, n (%)

370 (82)

152 (34)

218 (48)

0.04

Fentanyl dose (µg/h)

20 (10–20)

20 (0–20)

20 (10–26.3)

0.07

Use of a vasopressor, n (%)

331 (73)

136 (30)

195 (43)

0.11

Use of cardiac assist devices, n (%)

40 (11)

17 (5)

23 (5)

1.00

  1. Angle was calculated by (a) the line between the lowest point of the serosal side of the greater curvature of the stomach and the lower point of the caudal and serosal sides of the pylorus and (b) the horizontal line. Body mass index was calculated based on height and weight at ICU admission. Cardiac assist devices included extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ventricular assist devices, and intra-aortic balloon pumping. Fluid balance from baseline was defined as an increase or decrease in body weight from ICU admission to the first EFT placement. Length was defined as the vertical length from the line of the superior border of the iliac crest to the lowest point of the greater curvature of the stomach. Success was the first successful attempt at post-pyloric EFT placement. Failure was the first attempt at failure for post-pyloric EFT placement. All values were expressed as numbers (percentages) or medians (interquartile ranges)
  2. CT computed tomography, EFT enteral feeding tube, ICU intensive care unit, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment
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Journal of Intensive Care

ISSN: 2052-0492