Table 1 Indications for NIV and HFNC in the setting of Acute Respiratory Failure

Indications for NIV in the Setting of Acute Respiratory Failure

1) Known patient history of OSA, COPD, congestive heart failure, or cardiogenic pulmonary edema [46, 47]

2) Hypercapnic respiratory failure

3) Dyspnea or staccato speech [48, 49]

Indications for HFNC in the Setting of Acute Respiratory Failure

1) PaO₂ < 65 or SpO₂ < 90% on supplemental oxygen [48]

2) RR > 25 [49]

3) Mild ARDS as defined by PaO₂/FiO₂ < 300 but > 200 [24, 49]