Table 1 Comparing baseline characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (n = 99)
HFNC success (n = 54) | HFNC failure (n = 45) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 65 (56–72) | 63 (55–70) | 0.171 |
Male gender | 36 (66.7) | 20 (44.4) | 0.026 |
Charlson comorbidity index | 5 (3–7) | 4 (2–6) | 0.086 |
Moderate to severe CKD | 12 (22.2) | 5 (11.1) | 0.144 |
Congestive heart failure | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.4) | 0.204 |
Chronic respiratory disease | 3 (10.0) | 2 (7.7) | 1.000 |
Immunocompromised host | 35 (64.8) | 24 (53.3) | 0.246 |
Solid organ cancer with chemotherapy | 8 (22.9) | 7 (29.2) | 0.585 |
Hematological transplant or malignancy | 11 (31.4) | 7 (29.2) | 0.853 |
Chronic immunosuppressive therapy | 13 (37.1) | 9 (37.5) | 0.978 |
HIV/AIDS | 3 (8.6) | 1 (4.2) | 0.639 |
APACHE II* | 16 (12–21) | 19 (15–23) | 0.011 |
SOFA* | 4 (3–6) | 5 (4–7) | 0.010 |
Primary etiology for respiratory failure | |||
Pneumonia | 47 (87.0) | 40 (88.9) | 0.779 |
nterstitial lung disease/drug induced pneumonitis | 0 (0.0) | 3 (6.7) | 0.090 |
Cancer/Lymphangitis carcinomatosis | 2 (3.7) | 2 (4.4) | 1.000 |
Others | 5 (9.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.061 |
Vasopressor support at time of HFNC initiation | 1 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
Number of quadrants affected on CXR | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–4) | 0.013 |
Arterial blood gas analysis pre-HFNC initiation | |||
pH | 7.43 (7.39–7.47) | 7.44 (7.39–7.47) | 0.754 |
PaO2/FIO2 ratio | 94 (72–139) | 92 (74–139) | 0.697 |
PaCO2, mmHg | 36 (32–40) | 34 (30–39) | 0.055 |
Serum bicarbonate, μmol/L | 24 (22–26) | 23 (22–25) | 0.341 |
Duration of HFNC, h | 41.5 (22.1–70.1) | 16.2 (7.4–35.5) | < 0.001 |
Max FIO2 on HFNC | 80 (70–100) | 100 (80–100) | 0.044 |
Max flow on HFNC, L/min | 50 (40-60) | 60 (50–60) | 0.084 |
Hospital mortality | 11 (20.4) | 27 (60.0) | < 0.001 |
ICU mortality | 7 (15.2) | 21 (47.7) | 0.001 |