Inability to protect the airway | |
Presence of a nasoenteric access device | |
Mechanical ventilation | |
Age >70 years | |
Reduced level of consciousness | |
Poor oral care | |
Inadequate nurse to patient ratio | |
Supine positioning | |
Neurologic deficits | |
Gastroesophageal reflux | |
Transport out of the ICU | |
Use of bolus intermittent EN |