Role of extracellular vesicles in the development of sepsis-induced coagulopathy

Table 1 Extracellular vesicles

	Apoptotic body	Exosome	Microvesicle
Membrane	Plasma membrane	Endosome membrane	Plasma membrane
Size	0.5–5 μm	0.03–0.15 μm	0.1–5 μm
Biogenesis	Cellular disassembly/fragmentation	Endocytosis→exocytosis	Budding→shedding of plasma membrane
Functions	Suppression in inflammation	Cell-to-cell communication	Cell-to-cell communication
Surface markers	Phosphatidylserine	CD63, CD81, CD9, etc.	Adhesion molecules, tissue factor
Contents	Fragmented DNA, organelle	mRNA, miRNA	DAMPs (histones, HMGB1, etc.), proteases (MMP, CK18), etc.
Density	Unknown	1.10–1.14 g/mL	1.12–1.20 g/mL

mRNA messenger RNA, miRNA micro RNA, DAMP damage-associated molecular pattern, HMGB1 high-mobility group box 1, MMP matrix metalloproteinase, CK18 cytokeratin 18

ISSN: 2052-0492