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Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies
| Author | Participants | Intervention | Control |
|---|---|---|---|
| ART investigators 2017 | Patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation with moderate to severe ARDS (AECC definition) of < 72 h duration | LRM with incremental PEEP levels, followed by decremental PEEP titration according to the best respiratory system Cs and by a second LRM | Low PEEP strategy |
| Hodgson 2011 | Adult patients (age > 15years) with PaO2/FiO2 < 200 | LRM to Ppeak of 55 cm H2O and decremental PEEP titration to determine optimal PEEP | ARDSnet protocol |
| Kacmarek 2016 | ARDS patients with PaO2/FiO2 < 200 at FiO2 ≥ 0.5 and PEEP ≥ 10 | LRM to Ppeak of ≤ 60 cm H2O for 2 min and decremental PEEP titration to determine optimal PEEP. | ARDSnet protocol |
| Liu 2011 | Adult patients with ARDS (PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 250 mmHg) with FiO2 ≥ 0.5 and PEEP ≥ 10 cm H2O) at least 30 min | LRM with PEEP 35 cm H2O and Ppeak up to 50 cm H2O maintained for 2 min, then PEEP was set higher at 2 cm H2O above closing pressure | Lung protective ventilation strategy |
| Xi 2010 | Adult patients with ARDS (PaO2 ≤ 200 mmHg at FiO2 1.0 and PEEP ≥ 10 cm H2O) | LRM with CPAP 40 cm H2O for 40 s | Lung protective ventilation strategy |
| Meade 2008 | Adult patients with ARDS (PaO2/FiO2 < 250) | LRM by CPAP of 40 cm H2O for 40 s with FiO2 1.0. PEEP was adjusted as per FiO2 requirement. | Low tidal volume ventilation with standard PEEP |
| Huh 2009 | ARDS patients with PaO2/FiO2 < 200 | LRM to Ppeak of 55 cm H2O and 25% tidal volume reduction and decremental PEEP titration to determine optimal PEEP | ARDSnet protocol |
