Dexmedetomidine sedation during the nighttime reduced the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation in cardiovascular surgery patients after tracheal extubation

Table 1 Patient demographic and baseline characteristics

	Dex group (n = 16)	Non-Dex group (n = 29)	p value
Age (years)	71.3 ± 6.2	69.6 ± 6.7	0.4
60–69/70–79/80–85(n)	6/9/1	15/13/1
Gender (M/F)	12/4	17/12	0.27
BMI (kg/m²)	22.3 ± 2.5	22.3 ± 3.6	0.36
APACHE II score during the first 24 h of ICU stay	12.4 ± 3.1	10.5 ± 2.9	0.048
SOFA score just before tracheal extubation	5.6 ± 1.4	6.1 ± 1.3	0.22
ICU stay (days)	7.6 ± 3.4	6.0 ± 2.1	0.06
Intubation (days)	4.2 ± 3.2	2.3 ± 1.0	0.005
Hypertension [n, (%)]	12 (75.0)	22 (75.9)	0.95
Valvular disease [n, (%)]	7 (43.8)	15 (51.7)	0.60
Heart failure [n, (%)]	0 (0)	3 (10.3)	0.18
Left ventricular hypertrophy [n, (%)]	6 (37.5)	8 (27.6)	0.49
Diabetes [n, (%)]	1 (6.3)	13 (44.8)	0.008
Smoking [n, (%)]	10 (62.5)	17 (58.6)	0.79
HR on preoperative ECG (bpm)	62.4 ± 11.1	66.3 ± 13.6	0.33

The data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or the number of patients (%)
BMI body mass index, APACHE II score Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, ICU intensive care unit, SOFA score Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, HR heart rate, ECG electrocardiogram