| Data source | Study period | ECMO patients | Mortality |
---|---|---|---|---|
Preliminary studies | ||||
 Ruan et al. 2020 | China | – | 7 | 100% |
 Wu et al. 2020 | China | – | 1 | 100% |
 Yang et al. 2020 | China | Dec 24, 2019–Jan 26, 2020 | 6 | 83.4% |
 Zhou et al. 2020 | China | Dec 29, 2019–Jan 31, 2020 | 3 | 100% |
 Guan et al. 2020 | China | Dec 11, 2019–Jan 29, 2020 | 5 | – |
Retrospective observational studies—Registries | ||||
 Barbaro et al. 2020 | ELSO Registry | Jan 16, 2020–May 1, 2020 | 1035 | 37.4% |
 Lorusso et al. 2021 | Euro ELSO survey | Mar 15, 2020–Sep 14, 2020 | 1531 | 45% |
 Schmidt et al. 2020 | France | Mar 8, 2020–May 2, 2020 | 83 | 36% |
 Barbaro et al. 2021 | ELSO Registry | A1 Early adopting centers (Before May 1, 2020) A2 Early adopting centers (May 2–Dec 31, 2020) B Late adopting centers (May 2–Dec 31, 2020) | 1182 2824 803 | 36.9% 51.9% 58.9% |
 Broman et al. 2021 | Euro ELSO survey | Mar 12, 2020–Sep 14, 2020 Sep 15, 2020–Mar 8, 2021 | 1442 1723 | 47% 56% |
 Riera et al. 2021 | Spain, Portugal | Mar 1, 2020–Jun 30, 2020 Jul 1, 2020–Dec 1, 2020 | 151 168 | 41.1% 60.1% |
 Schmidt et al. 2021 | France | Mar 8, 2020–Jun 30, 2020 Jul 1, 2020–Jan 28, 2021 | 88 71 | 36% 48% |
 Karagiannitis et al. 2021 | Germany | Feb 2020–Dec 2020 | 119 | 71% |
 Lorusso et al. 2022 | Euro ELSO survey | Mar 1, 2020–Sep 13, 2020 | 1215 | 50% |
 Ohshimo et al. 2022 | Japanese National Registry | Feb, 2020–Nov 2021 | 1214 | 32–40% |
Emulation studies | ||||
 Shaefi et al. 2021 | United States | Mar 1, 2020–Jul 1, 2020 | 130 | 34.6% |
 Urner et al. 2022 | COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium registry | Jan 3, 2020–Aug 29, 2021 | 844 | 26% |
 Hajage et al. 2022 | French, Belgian, Swiss | Feb 25, 2020, and May 4, 2020 | 269 | 44% |