Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of study population
From: Association of blood viscosity and device-free days among hospitalized patients with COVID-19
High-shear BV quartile 1 (Lowest) | High-shear BV quartile 2 | High-shear BV quartile 3 | High-shear BV quartile 4 (Highest) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of participants, N | 1405 | 1406 | 1405 | 1405 | |
Blood viscosity range (cP) | 3.01–4.00 | 4.00–4.24 | 4.24–4.53 | 4.53–9.86 | |
Sex, N (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
Men | 663 (46.2) | 819 (58.3) | 929 (33.9) | 1,048 (74.6) | |
Women | 742 (52.8) | 587 (41.8) | 476 (66.1) | 357 (25.4) | |
Age, mean (SD) | 64.9 (17.4) | 63.2 (17.0) | 62.8 (16.5) | 62.0 (17.3) | < 0.001 |
Race, N (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
White | 536 (38.2) | 359 (24.9) | 314 (22.4) | 279 (19.9) | |
Black | 242 (17.2) | 312 (22.2) | 308 (21.9) | 333 (23.7) | |
Asian | 92 (6.6) | 95 (6.8) | 81 (5.8) | 69 (4.9) | |
Hispanic | 311 (22.1) | 387 (27.5) | 429 (30.5) | 443 (31.5) | |
Others | 224 (15.9) | 262 (18.6) | 273 (19.4) | 281 (20.0) | |
Comorbidity, N (%) | |||||
HTN | 458 (32.6) | 472 (33.6) | 484 (33.7) | 437 (31.1) | 0.424 |
DM | 239 (17.0) | 292 (20.8) | 285 (20.3) | 296 (21.1) | 0.025 |
CKD | 76 (5.4) | 79 (5.6) | 92 (6.6) | 85 (6.1) | 0.588 |
CAD | 172 (12.2) | 175 (12.5) | 154 (11.0) | 170 (12.1) | 0.619 |
Admission date | < 0.001 | ||||
3/1/2020–8/31/2020 | 622 (44.3) | 689 (49.0) | 742 (52.8) | 771 (54.9) | |
9/1/2020–2/28/2021 | 568 (40.4) | 523 (37.2) | 479 (34.1) | 429 (30.5) | |
3/1/2021–11/20/2021 | 215 (15.3) | 194 (13.8) | 184 (13.1) | 205 (14.6) | |
Initial oxygen support device | < 0.001 | ||||
Room air | 487 (34.7) | 401 (28.5) | 345 (24.6) | 322 (22.9) | |
NC or NRB or HFNC | 827 (58.9) | 890 (63.3) | 888 (63.2) | 888 (63.2) | |
BiPAP or CPAP | 59 (4.2) | 84 (6.0) | 112 (8.0) | 141 (10.0) | |
Intubated | 32 (2.3) | 31 (2.2) | 60 (4.3) | 54 (3.8) | |
Anticoagulation | 0.072 | ||||
No anticoagulation | 93 (6.6) | 59 (4.2) | 81 (5.8) | 76 (5.4) | |
Prophylactic dose | 578 (41.1) | 601 (42.8) | 613 (42.6) | 569 (40.5) | |
Therapeutic dose | 734 (52.2) | 746 (53.1) | 711 (50.6) | 760 (54.1) | |
Participants with lab data | 1006 | 1094 | 1116 | 1136 | |
WBC, × 103/uL | 7.5 (4.1) | 8.0 (4.4) | 8.5 (3.9) | 9.4 (5.4) | < 0.001 |
CRP, mg/L | 94.0 (84.5) | 113.1 (87.1) | 124.1 (93.6) | 126.3 (96.9) | < 0.001 |
D-dimer, ug/mL | 1.9 (3.1) | 2.5 (4.0) | 2.6 (4.2) | 4.2 (6.2) | < 0.001 |
Participants with initial arterial blood gas | 102 | 97 | 129 | 167 | |
PaO2/FiO2 ratio ≥ 300 | 25 (24.5) | 14 (14.4) | 13 (10.1) | 23 (13.8) | 0.056 |
200 ≤ PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 300 | 12 (11.8) | 8 (8.3) | 23 (17.8) | 17 (10.2) | |
100 ≤ PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 200 | 36 (35.3) | 35 (36.1) | 43 (33.3) | 62 (37.1) | |
PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 100 | 29 (28.4) | 40 (41.2) | 50 (38.8) | 65 (38.9) |