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Table 4 Interrupted time series analysis of patient background and actual and predicted ICU performance after Tele-ICU implementation

From: An evaluation of the impact of the implementation of the Tele-ICU: a retrospective observational study

Variables

Apr–Jun. 2018

Jul–Sep. 2018

Oct–Dec. 2018

Jan–Mar. 2019

Apr–Jun. 2019

Jul–Sep. 2019

Oct–Dec. 2019

Jan–Mar. 2020

p value

Admitted patient, n

547

659

753

760

724

742

584

669

0.724

Age (years), median [IQR]

70 [17, 90]

70 [16, 90]

70 [16, 90]

71 [17, 90]

70.5 [18, 90]

70 [16, 90]

72 [16, 90]

72 [17, 90]

0.024

Male, n (%)

306 (55.9)

409 (62.1)

467 (62.0)

459 (60.4)

465 (64.2)

461 (62.1)

364 (62.3)

418 (62.5)

0.511

APACHE IV score at admission, median [IQR]

45 [9, 177]

46 [6, 164]

49 [7, 194]

49 [7, 211]

48 [8, 159]

49 [9, 188]

50 [9, 163]

51 [9, 207]

0.003

Post elective surgery, n (%)

308 (58.6)

342 (52.5)

403 (53.9)

351 (46.3)

379 (52.6)

374 (51.1)

225 (40.6)

289 (43.7)

0.336

Intubated, n (%)

60 (11.0)

66 (10.0)

115 (15.3)

89 (11.7)

116 (16.0)

127 (17.1)

100 (17.1)

139 (20.8)

0.015

ICU performance

 Actual ICU mortality, n (%)

24 (4.4)

27 (4.1)

27 (3.6)

32 (4.2)

23 (3.2)

31 (4.2)

17 (2.9)

28 (4.2)

0.785

 Predicted ICU mortality (%), median [IQR]

1.10 [0.10, 96.20]

1.20 [0.10, 93.40]

1.65 [0.10, 96.60]

1.85 [0.10, 96.20]

1.50 [0.10, 91.10]

1.60 [0.10, 93.80]

1.90 [0.10, 90.90]

1.80 [0.10, 97.30]

0.022

 Actual hospital mortality, n (%)

36 (6.6)

50 (7.6)

62 (8.2)

66 (8.7)

44 (6.1)

63 (8.5)

36 (6.2)

61 (9.1)

0.631

 Predicted hospital mortality (%), median [IQR]

3.35 [0.20, 98.50]

3.50 [0.30, 95.60]

4.25 [0.20, 97.10]

4.90 [0.20, 97.70]

4.20 [0.20, 95.10]

3.85 [0.20, 98.80]

5.00 [0.30, 86.20]

4.65 [0.20, 97.70]

0.056

 Actual ICU LOS (days), median [IQR]

0.96 [0.00, 77.86]

1.00 [0.00, 48.61]

1.00 [0.01, 67.96]

1.13 [0.00, 418.06]

1.03 [0.04, 48.24]

1.01 [0.00, 48.54]

1.04 [0.03, 33.76]

1.03 [0.01, 78.77]

0.869

 Predicted ICU LOS (days), median [IQR]

3.08 [0.04, 14.57]

3.10 [0.17, 11.13]

3.37 [0.17, 12.02]

3.41 [0.17, 14.19]

3.34 [0.11, 11.54]

3.32 [0.17, 13.23]

3.32 [0.14, 12.27]

3.39 [0.17, 11.77]

0.057

 Actual hospital LOS (days), median [IQR]

16.44 [0.09, 401.70]

16.17 [0.06, 417.74]

18.10 [0.09, 418.06]

16.96 [0.27, 418.06]

17.04 [0.06, 417.74]

16.61 [0.09, 333.09]

16.39 [0.03, 238.80]

16.08 [0.12, 333.09]

0.193

 Predicted hospital LOS (days), median [IQR]

12.61 [0.65, 60.97]

12.23 [1.38, 47.14]

12.47 [1.72, 55.78]

11.17 [0.05, 56.23]

11.29 [0.17, 64.74]

11.66 [0.11, 57.21]

10.53 [1.48, 54.06]

10.77 [0.43, 57.94]

0.004

  1. The predicted value was obtained from the APACHE IV score. Interrupted time series analysis was used for evaluating 2-year quarterly data
  2. APACHE acute physiological and chronic health evaluation, ICU intensive care unit, IQR interquartile range, LOS length of stay, DOV duration of ventilation