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Table 3 The change in heart rate and mean arterial pressure between effective and ineffective preload challenges as determined by different ccFT thresholds

From: The time cost of physiologically ineffective intravenous fluids in the emergency department: an observational pilot study employing wearable Doppler ultrasound

ccFT∆ threshold

Average HR∆ for ‘effective’ PC

Average HR∆ for ‘ineffective’ PC

p-value

Average MAP∆ for ‘effective’ PC

Average MAP∆ for ‘ineffective’ PC

p-value

 + 7.0 ms [20]

− 2.0

-3.0

0.4

1.3

0.8

0.9

 + 4.0 ms [20]

− 2.0

-3.0

0.3

0.7

2.9

0.7

 + 2% [21]

− 2.0

-3.0

0.09

1.3

0.7

0.4

 + 4% [30]

− 3.0

-2.0

0.3

2.1

0.5

0.8