Prognostic significance of delirium subtypes in critically ill medical and surgical patients: a secondary analysis of a prospective multicenter study

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of included patients

Characteristic	No delirium n = 1183	Delirium n = 381	p value^a
Age, years	64 (51–74)	67 (56–75)	0.001
Sex: male, n (%)	700 (59.2)	252 (66.1)	0.015
Admission diagnosis^b
Medical, n (%)	584 (51.4)	228 (65)	0.001
Elective surgery, n (%)	403 (35.5)	48 (13.7)	0.001
Emergency surgery, n (%)	149 (13.1)	75 (21.4)	0.001
APACHE IV score^c	51 (37–70)	72.5 (57–94.8)	0.001
Hospital mortality, n (%)^b	136 (11.9)	75 (21.4)	0.001
ICU mortality, n (%)^b	94 (8)	51 (13.4)	0.001
ICU LOS, days	3 (2–4)	7 (4–14)	0.001
No. of delirium days	0 (0–0)	2 (1–4.5)	0.001
Coma, ever, n (%)^b	157 (13.5)	137 (36.5)	0.001
No. of coma days^b,d	1 (1–3)	2 (1–3)	0.020
Ventilation, ever, n (%)	518 (43.8)	300 (78.7)	0.001
Ventilation, days^d	2 (1–3)	6 (3–12)	0.001
Continuous IV sedatives, ever, n (%)	415 (35.1)	281 (73.8)	0.001
Continuous IV sedatives, days^d	2 (1–3)	5 (2–8)	0.001
Continuous IV benzodiazepines, ever, n (%)	118 (10)	112 (29.4)	0.001
Continuous IV benzodiazepines, days^d	2 (1–3)	3 (2–5)	0.001
Continuous IV opioids, ever, n (%)	493 (41.7)	283 (74.3)	0.001
Continuous IV opioids, days^d	2 (2–4)	5 (3–10)	0.001

Values are denoted as median (interquartile range) unless mentioned otherwise
ICU intensive care unit; IV intravenous; LOS length of stay
^aGroup differences were tested with Mann–Whitney U tests (continuous variables) or χ² tests (categorical variables)
^bMissing data were present for some patients: ICU admission diagnoses 77 (4.9%); APACHE IV score 132 (7.7%); hospital mortality 74 (4.7%); ICU mortality 1 (0.1%); coma, ever, and number of coma days 24 (1.5%)
^cAPACHE IV scores [20] range from 0 (best) to 286 (worst), based on the most abnormal values observed during 24 h following ICU admission
^dShown only for patients who had this characteristic ever during ICU stay

ISSN: 2052-0492