Table 2 The details of treatments provided
From: Optimal timing of introducing mobilization therapy for ICU patients with sepsis
Treatments | All patients (n = 296) | Patients in the EM group (n = 96) | Patients in the non-EM group (n = 200) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Management of respiratory and circulatory dynamics | ||||
 Invasive mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 199 (67%) | 59 (61%) | 140 (70%) | 0.15 |
 ECMO, n (%) | 17 (6%) | 4 (4%) | 13 (7%) | 0.59 |
  VA-ECMO | 6 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (3%) | 0.18 |
  VV-ECMO | 11 (4%) | 4 (4%) | 7 (4%) | 0.75 |
 Renal dialysis, n (%) | 94 (32%) | 26 (27%) | 68 (34%) | 0.29 |
Medication treatment | ||||
 Corticosteroid, n (%) | 71 (24%) | 20 (21%) | 50 (25%) | 0.47 |
 Neuromuscular blocking agent, n (%) | 8 (3%) | 1 (1%) | 7 (4%) | 0.44 |
Analgesia and sedation | ||||
 Continuous analgesia (fentanyl), n (%) | 204 (69%) | 63 (66%) | 141 (71%) | 0.35 |
 Fentanyl duration (day), median [IQR] | 2.6 [1.4–4.8] | 2.0 [1.3–3.2] | 3.5 [1.6–5.7] | 0.05 |
  Mean fentanyl dose (µg/h), median [IQR] | 25.0 [21.0–36.2] | 25.8 [21.3–39.2] | 25.0 [20.9–35.1] | 0.71 |
 Continuous sedation, n (%) | 201 (68%) | 61 (63%) | 140 (70.0%) | 0.23 |
  Total sedation duration (day), median [IQR] | 2.4 [1.3–4.7] | 1.7 [1.1–2.6] | 2.7 [1.4–6.3] | 0.04 |
  Use of benzodiazepines, n (%) | 93 (31%) | 20 (21%) | 73 (37%) | < 0.01 |
  Mean benzodiazepine dose (mg/h), median [IQR] | 4.4 [2.7–5.4] | 5.0 [3.1–5.7] | 4.0 [2.6–5.2] | < 0.01 |
  Use of propofol, n (%) | 136 (46%) | 42 (44%) | 94 (47%) | 0.62 |
  Mean propofol dose (mg/h), median [IQR] | 50.7 [39.5–68.4] | 50.9 [37.4–78.2] | 49.4 [40.0–66.8] | 0.50 |
  Use of dexmedetomidine, n (%) | 145 (49%) | 43 (45%) | 102 (51%) | 0.32 |
  Mean dexmedetomidine dose (µg/h), median [IQR] | 16.2 [12.0–22.8] | 18.0 [13.0–22.9] | 16.0 [12.0–21.2] | 0.70 |
Vasopressor | ||||
 Continuous vasopressor, n (%) | 230 (78%) | 70 (73%) | 160 (80%) | 0.18 |
  Use of norepinephrine, n (%) | 221 (75%) | 66 (69%) | 155 (78%) | 0.12 |
  Mean norepinephrine dose (10–1 µg/kg/min), median [IQR] | 1.5 [1.0–2.2] | 1.5 [0.8–2.1] | 1.5 [1.1–2.4] | 0.89 |
  Use of dopamine, n (%) | 112 (38%) | 26 (27%) | 86 (43%) | 0.01 |
   Mean dopamine dose (µg/kg/min), median [IQR] | 4.0 [2.9–5.3] | 4.0 [2.9–4.4] | 4.0 [3.0–5.5] | < 0.01 |
  Use of dobutamine, n (%) | 50 (17%) | 9 (9%) | 41 (21%) | 0.02 |
   Mean dobutamine dose (µg/kg/min), median [IQR] | 3.2 [2.3–4.7] | 2.3 [2.0–2.7] | 3.7 [2.6–5.2] | < 0.01 |
  Use of epinepheline, n (%) | 16 (5%) | 3 (3%) | 13 (7%) | 0.28 |
   Mean epinepheline dose (10–1 µg/kg/min), median [IQR] | 1.1 [0.9–1.3] | 0.9 [0.9–1.0] | 1.2 [1.0–1.4] | < 0.01 |
  Use of vasopressin, n (%) | 51 (17%) | 12 (13%) | 39 (20%) | 0.14 |
   Mean vasopressin dose (units/h), median [IQR] | 1.2 [1.0–1.7] | 1.5 [1.2–1.7] | 1.0 [0.9–1.7] | < 0.01 |