All (N = 1062) | Survivors (n = 751) | Non-survivors (n = 311) | p value | Effect size | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 63.08 (14.28) | 61.62 (13.74) | 66.61 (14.96) | < 0.001*** | d = 0.35 |
Sex (female) | 424 (39.92%) | 309 (41.15%) | 115 (36.98%) | 0.207 | Φ = 0.04 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.92 (4.23) | 23.18 (4.11) | 22.29 (4.44) | 0.002** | d = 0.21 |
Underweight (BMI < 18.5) | 146 (13.75%) | 83 (11.05%) | 63 (20.26%) | < 0.001*** | Φ = 0.14 |
Normal weight (BMI 18.5–23.99) | 520 (48.96%) | 364 (48.47%) | 156 (50.16%) | ||
Overweight (BMI 24–27.99) | 282 (26.55%) | 220 (29.29%) | 62 (19.94%) | ||
Obese (BMI ≥ 28) | 114 (10.73%) | 84 (11.19%) | 30 (9.65%) | ||
Reason for ICU admission | |||||
Gastrointestinal causes | 344 (32.39%) | 270 (35.95%) | 74 (23.79%) | < 0.001*** | Φ = 0.23 |
Cardiovascular causes | 246 (23.16%) | 199 (26.50%) | 47 (15.11%) | ||
Neurological causes | 195 (18.36%) | 128 (17.04%) | 67 (21.54%) | ||
Respiratory causes | 111 (10.45%) | 56 (7.46%) | 55 (17.68%) | ||
Other causes | 166 (15.63%) | 98 (13.05%) | 68 (21.86%) | ||
APACHE II (first 24 h) | 17.46 (8.24) | 15.51 (7.08) | 22.17 (8.93) | < 0.001*** | d = 0.87 |
ICU stay length (days) | 13.18 (28.54) | 8.82 (14.88) | 23.72 (45.76) | < 0.001*** | d = 0.54 |
Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.58 (2.98) | 1.63 (3.41) | 1.45 (1.49) | 0.377 | d = 0.06 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.78 (1.53) | 3.85 (1.48) | 3.61 (1.62) | 0.020* | d = 0.16 |
HDL (mmol/L) | 0.87 (0.41) | 0.88 (0.39) | 0.83 (0.45) | 0.074 | d = 0.12 |
LDL (mmol/L) | 2.10 (1.04) | 2.15 (0.99) | 1.97 (1.15) | 0.009** | d = 0.18 |
Mean glucose (mmol/L) | 10.16 (2.00) | 10.19 (1.98) | 10.09 (2.05) | 0.471 | d = 0.05 |
Blood glucose variability (standard deviation; mmol/L) | 2.60 (1.18) | 2.54 (1.17) | 2.74 (1.19) | 0.010* | d = 0.17 |
Hypoglycemia | 142 (13.37%) | 68 (9.05%) | 74 (23.79%) | < 0.001*** | Φ = 0.20 |
Diabetes mellitus | 396 (37.29%) | 293 (39.01%) | 103 (33.12%) | 0.071 | Φ = 0.06 |
Hypertension | 513 (48.31%) | 355 (47.27%) | 158 (50.80%) | 0.303 | Φ = 0.03 |
Hypertriglyceridemia | 256 (24.11%) | 190 (25.30%) | 66 (21.22%) | 0.256 | Φ = 0.04 |
Hypercholesterolemia | 148 (13.94%) | 107 (14.25%) | 41 (13.18%) | 0.786 | Φ = 0.01 |
Mechanical ventilation | 772 (72.69%) | 500 (66.58%) | 272 (87.46%) | < 0.001*** | Φ = 0.21 |
Dialysis | 12 (1.13%) | 10 (1.33%) | 2 (0.64%) | 0.333 | Φ = 0.03 |
CRRT | 193 (18.17%) | 70 (9.32%) | 123 (39.35%) | < 0.001*** | Φ = 0.36 |
Corticosteroids | 331 (31.17%) | 171 (22.77%) | 160 (51.45%) | < 0.001*** | Φ = 0.28 |
Vasopressors | 451 (42.47%) | 234 (31.16%) | 217 (69.77%) | < 0.001*** | Φ = 0.36 |