| Low TMAO (< 0.4 μmol/L) N = 32 | Median TMAO (0.4–2.5 μmol/L) N = 32 | High TMAO (≥ 2.5 μmol/L) N = 31 | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary outcomes | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 In-hospital, all-cause death | 25 (78.1) | 20 (62.5) | 15 (48.4) | 0.050 |
  Cardiovascular death* | 0 (0) | 1 (3.1) | 5 (16.1) | 0.021 |
  Non-cardiovascular death†| 25 (78.1) | 19 (59.4) | 10 (32.3) | 0.001 |
Secondary outcomes | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Acute kidney injury (AKI) | 9 (28.1) | 13 (40.6) | 18 (58.1) | 0.054 |
 AKI required dialysis | 3 (9.4) | 7 (21.9) | 9 (29.0) | 0.142 |
 Weaning success | 5 (15.6) | 9 (28.1) | 14 (45.2) | 0.036 |
 Length of ventilator usage, days | 21.5 (12.3–33.0) | 15.5 (8.3–28.3) | 12.0 (6.0–23.0) | 0.039 |
 Length of ICU stay, days | 13.0 (8.3–20.0) | 10.5 (6.3–19.5) | 10.0 (7.0–16.0) | 0.332 |
 Length of hospitalization, days | 21.5 (13.0–34.8) | 23.5 (10.5–50.0) | 26.0 (19.0–37.0) | 0.906 |