Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiac arrest resuscitation practices and outcomes in non-COVID-19 patients

Table 1 Patient characteristics and outcomes

	Pre-COVID-19 n = 362	COVID-19 n = 267	P value
Median age, years (IQR)	76 (66–85)	77 (66–85)	0.689
Age, years
≤ 65	90 (25)	64 (24)	0.888
66–75	87 (24)	58 (22)
76–85	99 (27)	81(30)
≥ 86	86 (24)	64 (24)
Male sex (%)	240 (66)	154 (58)	0.027
Charlson comorbidity index
0 (%)	110 (30)	103 (39)	0.024
1–2 (%)	126 (35)	96 (36)
≥ 3 (%)	126 (35)	68 (26)
Median interval between admission to arrest, day (IQR)	3 (1–10)	2 (1–8)	0.056
First-responder CPR (%)	290 (80)	194 (73)	0.028
Immediate resuscitation team arrival	116 (32)	61 (23)	0.014
Median resuscitation team arrival time^a, min (IQR)	2 (0–5)	3 (1–6)	0.005
Witnessed arrest^a (%)	239 (66)	167 (63)	0.401
Monitored area (%)	46 (13)	39 (15)	0.491
Shockable rhythm* (%)	30 (9)	19 (7)	0.358
ROSC^a (%)	133 (37)	73 (28)	0.014
Duration of CPR, min (IQR)	22 (12–33)	21 (12–34)	0.697
Hospital survival (%)	16 (4)	14 (5)	0.632

Team arrival time was defined as the first documented arrival time of a designated resuscitation team member at each hospital. First-responder CPR was defined as immediate commencement of CPR within 1 min of documented cardiac arrest. Immediate resuscitation team arrival was defined as arrival of the resuscitation team within 1 min of documented cardiac arrest. Median time to commencement of CPR was not calculated because > 50% of the documented times to CPR was less than 1 min. ^aMissing data: 8 for arrival time of resuscitation team, 1 for witnessed arrest, 15 for shockable rhythm, 3 for ROSC. CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation, COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019, IQR interquartile range, ROSC return of spontaneous circulation

ISSN: 2052-0492