Fig. 1

Study flowchart. ^a3 patients had sever pulmonary hypertension, 11 had tracheostomy at baseline, 2 had intellectual disability precluded delirium assessment, 2 patients transferred from outside facility, 3 had history of substance abuse. ^bExtubated post-randomization. ^cFound to be on dexmedetomidine at baseline. CG control group (donates to standard of care), ESLD end-stage liver diseases, HR heart rate, SBP systolic blood pressure, ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, DNR do-not-resuscitate, mITT modified intention-to-treat analysis