|
Variables
|
Original cohort
|
Matched cohort
|
|---|
|
Survivors (n=183)
|
Non-survivors (n=85)
|
P value
|
Survivors (n=56)
|
Non-survivors (n=56)
|
P value
|
|---|
|
Age (years)
|
67 (59–72)
|
67 (63–73)
|
0.165
|
67 (60.25–73)
|
67 (62–73)
|
0.730
|
|
Male, n (%)
|
133 (72.7)
|
59 (69.4)
|
0.581
|
39 (69.6)
|
39 (69.6)
|
1.000
|
|
Smoking, n (%)
|
60 (32.8)
|
25 (29.4)
|
0.581
|
14 (25)
|
18 (32.1)
|
0.557
|
|
Alcohol abuse, n (%)
|
45 (24.6)
|
18 (21.2)
|
0.540
|
10 (17.9)
|
12 (21.4)
|
0.815
|
|
Hypertension, n (%)
|
85 (46.4)
|
31 (36.5)
|
0.125
|
22 (39.3)
|
24 (42.9)
|
0.851
|
|
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)
|
52 (28.4)
|
22 (25.9)
|
0.666
|
21 (37.5)
|
17 (30.4)
|
0.572
|
|
Coronary artery disease, n (%)
|
36 (19.7)
|
18 (21.2)
|
0.775
|
12 (21.4)
|
13 (23.2)
|
1.000
|
|
Risk factor, n (%)
| | |
0.531
| | |
0.912
|
|
Pneumonia
|
167 (91.3)
|
79 (92.9)
| |
51 (91.1)
|
51 (91.1)
| |
|
Aspiration
|
8 (4.4)
|
2 (2.4)
| |
2 (3.6)
|
1 (1.7)
| |
|
Sepsis
|
3 (1.6)
|
3 (3.5)
| |
2 (3.6)
|
3 (5.5)
| |
|
Others
|
5 (2.7)
|
1 (1.2)
| |
1 (1.7)
|
1 (1.7)
| |
|
Types of infection, n (%)
| | |
0.941
| | |
0.931
|
|
Bacteria
|
139 (76%)
|
64 (75.3%)
| |
49 (87.6)
|
49 (87.6)
| |
|
Virus
|
6 (3.3%)
|
2 (2.4%)
| |
1 (1.7)
|
1 (1.7)
| |
|
Fungus
|
24 (13.1)
|
13 (15.3%)
| |
1 (1.7)
|
2 (3.6)
| |
|
Unknown
|
14 (7.6%)
|
6 (7 %)
| |
5 (9)
|
4 (7.1)
| |
|
PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg)
|
145 (106–208.18)
|
131 (85.6–177.03)
|
0.032
|
144.64±62.79
|
145.40 ±58.73
|
0.948
|
|
Categories of ARDS, n (%)
| | |
0.015
| | |
0.770
|
|
Mild
|
47 (25.7)
|
10 (11.8)
| |
12 (21.4)
|
9 (16.1)
| |
|
Moderate
|
95 (51.9)
|
46 (54.1)
| |
27 (48.2)
|
32 (57.1)
| |
|
Severe
|
41 (22.4)
|
29 (34.1)
| |
17 (30.4)
|
15 (26.8)
| |
|
WBC, 109/L
|
9.8 (7.02–11.84)
|
9.22 (6–11.46)
|
0.249
|
10.44 (8.55–12.15)
|
9.62 (7.73–11.44)
|
0.153
|
|
Hemoglobin, g/L
|
111 (96–127)
|
111 (94.5–126)
|
0.460
|
106 (94–126.75)
|
112 (99–126.75)
|
0.884
|
|
RDW, %
|
14 (13–15.3)
|
13.6 (12.85–14.6)
|
0.175
|
13.9 (12.75–15.28)
|
13.45 (12.8–14.55)
|
0.964
|
|
Lactate, mmol/L
|
2.2 (1.4–3.7)
|
2.6 (1.55–4.3)
|
0.082
|
2.1 (1.3–3.33)
|
2.6 (1.5–3.73)
|
0.152
|
|
Albumin, g/L
|
32.9 (28.9–37.7)
|
32.30 (28.6–37.5)
|
0.417
|
32.89±6.98
|
32.86±5.86
|
0.979
|
|
MLR
|
0.49 (0.27–0.8)
|
1 (0.5–1.74)
|
<0.001
|
0.56 (0.34–0.77)
|
0.83(0.47–1.68)
|
0.001
|
|
NLR
|
10.61(4.75–19.42)
|
14.28 (7.97–23.62)
|
0.003
|
13.56 (5.98–25.12)
|
12.96 (7.18–20.75)
|
0.613
|
|
RDW/albumin, %/g/L
|
0.43 (0.37–0.51)
|
0.43 (0.37–0.5)
|
0.914
|
0.43 (0.36–0.52)
|
0.43 (0.36–0.49)
|
0.660
|
|
AST
|
52.2 (20.5–145.2)
|
71 (28.7–138.3)
|
0.317
|
42.35 (20.1–128.25)
|
88.05 (36.98–147.9)
|
0.011
|
|
ALT
|
62 (20–126)
|
40.3 (21.1–133.3)
|
0.485
|
44.6 (16.13–103.75)
|
43.4 (23.03–139.15)
|
0.324
|
|
Cr, μmol/L
|
100.7 (60.2–183)
|
124.9 (62–198.15)
|
0.357
|
107 (58.18–188.7)
|
111.3(60.65-192)
|
0.695
|
|
BUN, mmol/L
|
13.31 (7–18)
|
13.55 (9.85–19.25)
|
0.232
|
13.09±6.45
|
13.89±7.28
|
0.512
|
|
APACHE II score
|
12 (9–16)
|
15 (10–18)
|
0.004
|
14.09±4.50
|
13.66 ±4.57
|
0.628
|
|
SOFA score
|
7 (6–9)
|
8 (7–9)
|
0.009
|
8 (7–9)
|
8 (6.25–9)
|
0.340
|
|
Interventions, n (%)
| | | | | | |
|
Steroida
|
121 (66.1)
|
63 (74.1)
|
0.189
|
39 (69.6)
|
42 (75)
|
0.690
|
|
Hypoglycemic
|
56 (30.6)
|
25 (29.4)
|
0.844
|
25 (44.6)
|
19 (33.9)
|
0.362
|
|
Alimentotherapy
|
113 (61.7)
|
66 (77.6)
|
0.010
|
39 (69.6)
|
42 (75)
|
0.607
|
|
Albumin infusion
|
81 (44.3)
|
56 (66.9)
|
0.001
|
36 (64.3)
|
30 (53.6)
|
0.286
|
|
Transfusion
|
50 (27.3)
|
33 (38.8%)
|
0.037
|
19 (33.9)
|
19(33.9)
|
1.000
|
|
CRRT
|
22 (12)
|
17 (20)
|
0.085
|
8 (14.3)
|
8 (14.3)
|
1.000
|
|
ECMO
|
6 (3.3)
|
5 (5.8)
|
0.317
|
1 (1.7)
|
1 (1.7)
|
1.000
|
|
Mechanical ventilation
|
108 (59)
|
51 (60)
|
0.879
|
37 (66.1)
|
35 (62.5)
|
0.851
|
|
Duration of ventilation
|
7 (2–13)
|
8 (3.5–13)
|
0.479
|
8.95±7.03
|
9.05±6.43
|
0.933
|
|
Hospital length of stay
|
20 (12–26)
|
17 (11–23)
|
0.038
|
19.00±9.81
|
18.30±8.19
|
0.662
|
- aSteroid therapy was defined as at least a dose (≥ 0.5mg/kg) of methylprednisolone during hospitalization
- ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; WBC, white blood cell; RDW, red cell distribution width; MLR, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; Cr, creatinine; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
