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Table 1 Characteristics of the studies included in current systemic review and meta-analysis

From: Conservative oxygen therapy for critically ill patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Study

Study design

N

Included patients

Patient characteristics (conventional/conservative)

Conservative oxygen regimen

Conventional oxygen regimen

Follow-up (days)

Severe ARF included

Age, mean, (year)

Disease severity

Patients with MV (%)

Schjørring et al. [19]

PR, UB, MC

1441/1447

Aged ≥18 admitted to ICU with hypoxemic respiratory failure

Yes

70/70

SOFA 9/9

71/72

PaO2 target 60 mmHg

PaO2 target 90 mmHg

90

Barrot et al. [11]

PR, UB, MC

102/103

Adult patients receiving MV ≤12 h for ARDS

Yes

64/64

SOFA 9/9

SAPS III 68/67

100/100

PaO2 target 55–70 mmHg; SpO2 target 88–92%

PaO2 target 90–105 mmHg; SpO2 ≥96%

90

Yang et al. [13]

PR, SB, SC

114/100

Aged ≥18 admitted to ICU with expected ICU LOS ≥ 72 h

PiO2 <100 were excluded

60/56

APACHE II 17/17

84/83

SpO2 target 90–95%; FiO2 as low as possible

SpO2 target 96–100%; FiO2 no lower than 30%

28

Mackle et al. [12]

PR, SB, MC

501/499

Age ≥18 admitted to ICU and expected to receive MV ≥48 h

Yes

68/65

APACHE II 22/19

100/100

SpO2 target 90–97%

No specific limiting FiO2 or SpO2

250

Asfar et al. [2]

PR, UB, MC

219/223

Aged ≥18 with septic shock who were on MV

PiO2 <100 were excluded

58/62

SOFA 10/10

SAPS III 72/73

100/100

SpO2 target 88–95%

FiO2 of 1.0 for 24 h

90

Girardis et al. [8]

PR, UB, SC

244/236

Age ≥18 admitted to ICU with expected ICU LOS ≥72 h

PiO2 <150 were excluded

65/63

SAPS II 39/37

68/66

SpO2 target 94–98% or PaO2 target 70–100 mmHg

FiO2 ≥0.4, PaO2 up to 150 mmHg, SpO2 of 97–100%

60

Panwar et al. [18]

PR, UB, MC

51/53

Age ≥18 admitted to ICU with expected MV time ≥24 h

Yes

62/62

APACHE III 70/80

SOFA 7/8

100/100

SpO2 target 88–92%

SaO2 target ≥96%

90

  1. APACHE, Acute Physiology, Age, and Chronic Health Evaluation; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; FiO2, fraction of inspiratory oxygen; ICU, intensive care unit; aITT, intention-to-treat analysis; LOS, length of stay; MV, mechanical ventilation; MC, multi-centers; PaO2, partial pressure of arterial oxygen; PiO2, PaO2/FiO2; PR, prospective; SAPA, Simplified Acute Physiology score; SC, single center; SB, single-blind; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; SpO2, pulse oxygen saturation; SARF, severe acute respiratory failure; UB, unblinded