Association of noninvasive respiratory support with mortality and intubation rates in acute respiratory failure: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Hideto Yasuda; Hiromu Okano; Takuya Mayumi; Masaki Nakane; Nobuaki Shime

doi:10.1186/s40560-021-00539-7

Journal of Intensive Care

Table 1 Study populations, protocols, and characteristics

From: Association of noninvasive respiratory support with mortality and intubation rates in acute respiratory failure: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Author, year	Sample size n	Protocols			Baseline characteristics
Author, year	Sample size n	Intervention setting	Control setting	Outcomes	The main causes of acute respiratory failure	Age, years	PaO₂:F_IO₂
Bersten 1991 [51]	40	NPPV	COT	1. Mortality (in-hospital) 2. Intubation	CPE (CHF [56.4%])	NPPV: 76 (6) COT: 75 (6)	NPPV: 138 (32) COT: 136 (44)
Wysocki 1995 [36]	41	NPPV	COT	1. Mortality (in-ICU) 2.Intubation	AHRF (CHF [30%])	NPPV: 64 (18) COT: 62 (11)	NPPV: 191 (94) COT: 170 (77)
Antonelli 2000 [49]	40	NPPV	COT	1. Mortality (in-ICU) 2. Intubation	ARDS (patients who underwent solid organ transplantation [100%])	NPPV: 45 (19) COT: 44 (10)	NPPV: 142 (29) COT: 149 (22)
Delclaux 2000 [56]	123	NPPV	COT	1. Mortality (in-ICU, in-hospital) 2. Intubation	CPE (infection [49.6%])	NPPV: 56 [19–85]^a COT: 60 [18–88]^a	NPPV: 140 [59–288]^a COT: 148 [62–283]^a
Masip 2000 [39]	37	NPPV	COT	1. Intubation	CPE (myocardial infarction [29.7%])	NPPV: 75 (11) COT: 79 (5)	NA
Hilbert 2001 [46]	52	NPPV	COT	1. Mortality (in-ICU, in-hospital) 2. Intubation	CAP (immunocompromised patients [100%])	NPPV: 48 (14) COT: 50 (12)	NPPV: 141 (24) COT: 136 (23)
Levitt 2001 [41]	38	NPPV	COT	1. Intubation	CHF	NPPV: 67 (15) COT: 69 (15)	NA
Ferrer 2003 [54]	105	NPPV	COT	1. Mortality (in-ICU, 90 days) 2. Intubation	AHRF (Pneumonia [32.4%])	NPPV: 61 (17) COT: 62 (18)	NPPV: 102 (21) COT: 103 (23)
L’Her 2004 [44]	89	NPPV	COT	1. Mortality (48 h, in-hospital)	CPE (respiratory tract infection [33.7%])	NPPV: 84 (6) COT: 84 (6)	NPPV: 157 (71) COT: 167 (73)
Park 2004 [38]	80	NPPV	COT	1. Mortality (in-hospital, 15 days, 60 days) 2. Intubation	CPE (myocardial ischemia [37.5%])	NPPV: 64 (15) COT: 65 (15)	NA
Gray 2008 [53]	1069	NPPV	COT	1. Mortality (7 days, 30 days) 2. Intubation	CPE (ischemic heart disease [17.6%])	NPPV: 77 (10) COT: 79 (9)	NA
Cosentini 2010 [55]	47	NPPV	COT	1. Mortality (in-hospital) 2. Intubation	CAP [100%]	NPPV: 65 (17) COT: 72 (13)	NPPV: 249 (25) COT: 246 (20)
Qingyuan 2012 [35]	40	NPPV	COT	1.Moratlity (in-ICU, in-hospital) 2. Intubation	ALI (immunocompromised patients [30%])	NPPV: 44 (14) COT: 49 (14)	NPPV: 225 (17) COT: 234 (27)
Elena 2013 [37]	80	NPPV	COT	1. Intubation	AHRF (pneumonia [100%])	NA	NA
Brambilla 2014 [52]	81	NPPV	COT	1. Intubation	Pneumonia [100%]	NPPV: 65 (16) COT: 70 (16)	NPPV: 134 (32) COT: 148 (44)
Azevedo 2015 [47]	30	NPPV	HFNC	1. Intubation	AHRF (CHF [43%])	NA	NA
Frat 2015 [9]	313	NPPV/HFNC	COT	1. Mortality (in-ICU, 90 days) 2. Intubation	AHRF (CAP [62.9%])	NPPV: 61 (17) HFNC: 61 (16) COT: 59 (17)	NPPV: 149 (72) HFNC: 157 (89) COT: 161 (73)
Lemiale 2015 (1) [43]	374	NPPV	COT	1. Mortality (28 days) 2. Intubation	Pneumonia (immunocompromised patients [100%])	NPPV: 61 [52–70]^a COT: 64 [53–72]^a	NPPV: 156 [95–248]^a COT: 130 [86–205]^a
Lemiale 2015 (2) [42]	100	HFNC	COT	1. Intubation	AHRF (immunocompromised patients [100%])	HFNC: 59 [43–70]^a COT: 65 [53–72]^a	NA
Frat 2016 [58]	86	NPPV/HFNC	COT	1. Mortality (in-ICU, 90 days) 2. Intubation	AHRF (immunocompromised patients [100%])	Total: 62 [48–74]	Total: 148 (58)
Jones 2016 [45]	303	HFNC	COT	1. Mortality (in-hospital) 2. Intubation	AHRF (COPD [23.9%])	HFNC: 75 (16) COT: 72 (17)	NA
Makdee 2017 [40]	128	HFNC	COT	1. Mortality (7 days) 2. Intubation	CPE	HFNC: 70 (16) COT: 71 (14)	NA
Azoulay 2018 [50]	778	HFNC	COT	1. Mortality (28 days) 2. Intubation	AHRF (immunocompromised patients [100%])	HFNC: 64 [55–70]^a COT: 63 [56–71]^a	HFNC: 136 [96–187]^a COT: 128 [92–164]^a
Doshi 2018 [57]	228	NPPV	HFNC	1. Intubation	AHRF (COPD exacerbation [26.0%])	NPPV: 63 (15) HFNC: 63 (14)	NA
Eman 2018 [48]	70	NPPV	HFNC	1. Mortality (in-hospital) 2. Intubation	AHRF (interstitial lung disease [100%])	NPPV: 61 (12) HFNC: 61 (12)	NPPV: 166 (42) HFNC: 178 (55)
Hangyong 2019 [59]	200	NPPV	COT	1. Mortality (in-hospital) 2. Intubation	AHRF (pneumonia [100%])	NPPV: 53 (18) COT: 56 (18)	NPPV: 232 (35) COT: 231 (28)
Andino 2020 [60]	46	HFNC	COT	1. Mortality (in-hospital) 2. Intubation	AHRF (pneumonia [62%])	HFNC: 58 (19) COT: 61 (11)	HFNC: 96 (29) COT: 95 (37)

AHRF Acute hypoxic respiratory failure; ALI Acute lung injury; ARDS, Acute respiratory distress syndrome; CAP Community-acquired pneumonia; CHF Congestive heart failure; COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; COT Conventional oxygen therapy; CPE Cardiogenic pulmonary edema; HFNC High-flow nasal cannula; ICU Intensive care unit; NPPV Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation
Continuous data were shown as mean and standard deviation, except for data labeled with “^a”.
^a Data were reported as median and IQR (interquartile range).

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ISSN: 2052-0492

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