Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 259 patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory failure
| Â | ALL (n=259) | Intubation | P value1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
NO (n=119) | YES (n=140) | |||
Patients demographics and comorbidities | ||||
 Age, years | 62 (55-70) | 62 (53-69) | 63 (55-70) | 0.39 |
 Gender, male | 185 (71%) | 90 (76%) | 95 (68%) | 0.16 |
 BMI, kg/m2 | 28 (25-32) | 27 (25-31) | 28 (25-32) | 0.11 |
 Number of comorbidities | 1 (0-2) | 1 (0-2) | 1 (0-1) | 0.73 |
 Hypertension | 109 (42%) | 47 (420%) | 62 (44%) | 0.45 |
 Ischemic heart disease | 15 (6%) | 8 (7%) | 7 (5%) | 0.60 |
 Diabetes | 45 (17%) | 20 (16%) | 25 (18%) | 0.87 |
 Chronic respiratory disease | 14 (5%) | 6 (5%) | 8 (6%) | 1 |
 Chronic kidney disease | 22 (8%) | 10 (8%) | 12 (9%) | 1 |
 Malignancy | 12 (4%) | 9 (8%) | 3 (2%) | 0.07 |
 Days from hospital to ICU admission. | 2 (1-4) | 3 (1-4) | 2 (0-4) | <0.01 |
Scores | ||||
 SOFA | 4 (3-7) | 4 (3-5) | 6 (4-8) | <0.01 |
 Non-respiratory SOFA | 1 (0-3) | 0 (0-1) | 3 (0-4) | <0.01 |
 APACHE II | 11 (8-16) | 9 (6-13) | 13 (10-18) | <0.01 |
 Glasgow Coma Scale | 15 (15-15) | 15 (15-15) | 15 (15-15) | 0.03 |
Vital signs | ||||
 Respiratory rate, rpm | 26 (22-30) | 24 (20-28) | 29 (25-34) | <0.01 |
 Heart rate | 80 (72-93) | 78 (70-90) | 84 (75-95) | 0.01 |
 SBP, mmHg | 126 (22) | 126 (18) | 125 (23) | 0.33 |
 SpO2, % | 90 (87-93) | 91 (89-94) | 89 (85-92) | <0.01 |
 PaO2/FiO2 | 109 (83-151) | 124 (95-166) | 96 (78-144) | <0.01 |
 ROX index | 4.4 (3.3-6.1) | 5.4 (5.1-7.3) | 3.5 (3.2-5.1) | <0.01 |
 pH | 7.45 (7.40-7.47) | 7.46 (7.44-7.49) | 7.40 (7.39-7.40) | <0.01 |
 PaCO2, mmHg | 36 (31-41) | 34 (31-38) | 36 (30-47) | 0.01 |
Laboratory findings | ||||
 Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.8 (0.7-1.1) | 0.8 (0.7-1) | 0.9 (0.7-1.2) | 0.32 |
 Leucocyte count, 109/μL | 7.5 (5.6-11.5) | 7.1 (5.8-10.8) | 7.7 (5.6-12.3) | 0.16 |
 Platelet count, 1012/ μL | 235 (175-319) | 248 (197-342) | 234 (164-300) | 0.03 |
 D-dimer, U/L | 985 (600-2200) | 915 (600-1970) | 1100 (680-2620) | 0.12 |