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Table 1 Characteristics and outcomes between survivors and non-survivors at 1 year

From: Prognostic value of lymphocyte counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with acute respiratory failure: a retrospective cohort study

 

Survivor (n = 56)

Non-survivor (n = 22)

P value

Baseline characteristics

 Age (years)

68 (59–76)

72 (56–76)

0.40

 Male, no. (%)

40 (71)

17 (77)

0.60

 Body mass index (kg/m2)

22 (19–26)

21 (20–24)

0.61

 Comorbidity, no.

  

0.97

  Infection/Malignancy/CVD

4/10/6

1/4/1

 

  HT, HL, DM/others/non

19/14/3

8/7/1

 

 Diagnosis, no. (%)

 Interstitial lung disease

32 (57)

6 (27)

0.024

 Non- interstitial lung disease

25 (42)

18 (75)

 

 Infection/malignancy/CVD/others, no.

12/4/6/2

5/2/3/6

 

Laboratory data on day of BAL

 White blood cell count (103/μL)

8.8 (6.2–11)

11 (5.9–14)

0.15

 Neutrophils (%)

82 (72–91)

84 (79–91)

0.16

 C-reactive protein (mg/dL)

7.4 (2.3–17)

10.6 (6.9–18)

0.20

 Lactate (mg/dL)

1.1 (0.9–1.5)

1.6 (1.0–2.3)

0.11

 PaO2/FiO2 ratio

233 (183–279)

201 (164–254)

0.14

BAL findings

 MV or NIV at BAL, no. (%)

13 (23)

12 (55)

0.014

 Recovered BAL fluid (%)

51 (30–61)

43 (29–53)

0.14

 Total cell counts in BALF (104/mL)

28 (17–46)

30 (10–44)

0.58

Fractionation in BALF (%)

 Macrophages

38 (20–57)

37 (16–60)

0.87

 Neutrophils

12 (3.5–38)

53 (12–72)

0.0016

 Lymphocytes

30 (12–50)

7.0 (2.9–13)

<0.0001

 Eosinophils

1.0 (0–2.0)

0 (0–2.1)

0.022

Treatments

 Methylprednisolone pulse, no. (%)

32 (57)

13 (59)

1.00

 Corticosteroids therapy, no. (%)

45 (80)

17 (77)

0.76

 Initial dose of corticosteroids (mg/kg)

0.80 (0.46–1.0)

0.98 (0.79–1.14)

0.23

Outcome

 Length of hospital stay (days)

30 (19–53)

39 (18–96)

0.28

  1. BAL Bronchoalveolar lavage, BALF Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, DM Diabetes milieus, CVD Collagen vascular disease, HT Hypertension, HL Hyperlipidemia, MV Mechanical ventilation, NIV Non-invasive ventilation
  2. Data are presented as median and interquartile range for continuous variables. P values were calculated using Pearson’s chi-squared test, Fisher’s exact test, or the Mann–Whitney U test