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Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of the participants

From: The effects of a limited infusion rate of fluid in the early resuscitation of sepsis on glycocalyx shedding measured by plasma syndecan-1: a randomized controlled trial

 

Standard rate (n = 48)

Limited rate (n = 48)

Age (years)

72 (16)

70(18)

Sex (female)

18 (38%)

19(40%)

Body weight (kg)

49.3 (7.9)

54.8 (11.8)

Charlson comorbidity index

5 (4, 6.5)

5 (3, 7)

Comorbidities

 Cerebrovascular disease

30 (63%)

23 (48%)

 Diabetes mellitus

21 (44%)

20 (42%)

 Malignancy

15 (31%)

18 (38%)

 Ischemic heart disease

3 (6%)

8 (17%)

 Chronic kidney disease

1 (2%)

5 (10%)

Hypoperfusion defined by

 Lactate ≥ 2 mmol/L

44 (90%)

42 (86%)

 Hemodynamic instability

23 (48%)

13 (27%)

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

105.9 (32.8)

114.3 (29.8)

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

58.4 (20.2)

66.5 (17.7)

Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

74.6 (22.7)

82.3 (19.9)

Body temperature (degree Celsius)

38.5 (1.3)

38.1 (1.2)

Heart rate (/min)

117.8 (28.1)

119.6 (24.3)

Respiratory rate (/min)

24.3 (7.1)

24.0 (6.3)

Ambient air pulse oximetry (%)

90.2 (12.0)

93.3 (7.7)

Currently use systemic steroid

5 (10%)

12 (25%)

APACHE II

18.0 (13.0, 24.5)

15.5 (11.0, 20.0)

SOFA

5(2,6)

4(2,5)

Sepsis*

43 (90%)

43 (90%)

Septic shock*

11 (23%)

6 (13%)

Normal to increased LVEF†

44 (92%)

41 (85%)

Lactate (mmol/L)

4.9(3.2)

4.4(2.4)

Baseline NT-proBNP (pg/ml)‡

950.7 (435.5, 1946)

1188.5 (366, 2495.5)

P/F ratio at baseline (mmHg)

364.9 (174.0)

328.7 (134.3)

Intravenous fluid before randomization (ml)

 None

40 (83%)

39 (79%)

 200

5 (10%)

5 (10%)

 201–500

3 (6%)

5 (10%)

Site of infection

 Respiratory tract

23 (48%)

19 (40%)

 Urinary tract

10 (21%)

10 (21%)

 Intraabdominal

10 (21%)

10 (21%)

 Bloodstream

2 (4%)

1 (2%)

 Central nervous system

0

1 (2%)

 Other/unknown

3 (6%)

7 (15%)

Baseline syndecan-1 level (ng/ml)§

 Median (Q1, Q3)

205 (136, 378)

222(126, 759)

 Geometric mean (95% CI)

258 (179–373)

312 (217–451)

  1. Data indicate the mean (SD), median (Q1, Q3), or n (%) unless otherwise stated
  2. APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction
  3. *According to the sepsis-3 definition [16].
  4. †According to the qualitative LVEF estimations [17].
  5. ‡Six data points are missing in the standard-rate group and four are missing in the limited-rate group due to administrative reasons
  6. §One data point is missing in the limited infusion rate group due to administrative reasons