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Table 1 Patient characteristics before and after visitation restriction

From: Association between visitation restriction during the COVID-19 pandemic and delirium incidence among emergency admission patients: a single-center retrospective observational cohort study in Japan

Variables, number, (% or IQR)

All patients (N = 6264)

Visitation restriction

Before (January 2019–March 2020) (N = 5251)

After (April 2020–June 2020) (N = 1013)

Age, years

74 [56–83]

74 [56–83]

75 [58–84]

Age group, n

 18–64 years

2059 (32.9%)

1732 (33.0%)

327 (32.3%)

 65–74 years

1094 (17.5%)

929 (17.7%)

165 (16.3%)

 ≥ 75 years

3111 (49.7%)

2590 (49.3%)

521 (51.4%)

Sex, male, n

3303 (52.7%)

2762 (52.6%)

541 (53.4%)

Primary diagnosis, n

 Neurological disease

1243 (19.8%)

1038 (19.8%)

205 (20.2%)

 Cardiovascular disease

794 (12.7%)

679 (12.9%)

115 (11.4%)

 Respiratory disease

580 (9.3%)

480 (9.1%)

100 (9.9%)

  COVID-19 infection

10 (0.2%)

0 (0.0%)

10 (1.0%)

 Digestive disease

1249 (19.9%)

1040 (19.8%)

209 (20.6%)

 Pregnancy, gynecological disease

413 (6.6%)

365 (7%)

48 (4.7%)

 Trauma

1042 (16.6%)

876 (16.7%)

166 (16.4%)

 Others

943 (15.1%)

773 (14.7%)

170 (16.8%)

Ward type on admission, n

 Emergency ward

3089 (49.3%)

2615 (49.8%)

474 (46.8%)

 General ward

3175 (50.7%)

2636 (50.2%)

539 (53.2%)

Ventilator management, n

615 (9.8%)

518 (9.9%)

97 (9.6%)

General anesthesia surgery, n

950 (15.2%)

783 (14.9%)

167 (16.5%)

Dementia, n

1161 (18.5%)

957 (18.2%)

204 (20.1%)

Death in hospital, n

431 (6.9%)

368 (7.0%)

63 (6.2%)

  1. Values are median (interquartile range [IQR]) or number (percentage)