Saline versus 5% dextrose in water as a drug diluent for critically ill patients: a retrospective cohort study

Table 4 Multivariable regression analyses for secondary outcomes

Outcome	Adjusted OR/β-coefficient (95% CI)	p value
Hyperchloremia^a
Diluent group (Saline)	2.09 (1.31–3.34)	0.002
Chloride at ICU admission, mmol/L	1.15 (1.08–1.22)	< 0.001
Age, year	1.0 (0.98–1.02)	0.976
Weight, kg	1.0 (0.99–1.02)	0.632
APACHE III score	1.02 (1.01–1.03)	< 0.001
Time from hospitalization to ICU, days	1.0 (0.99–1.01)	0.88
Patient category
Planned surgical	Reference
Unplanned surgical	2.37 (1.16–4.83)	0.018
Medical from ward	2.23 (1.02–4.88)	0.044
Medical from ED	1.88 (0.86–4.09)	0.112
Blood glucose SD^b
Diluent group (Saline)	0.4 (− 1.37 to 2.18)	0.655
Blood glucose at ICU admission, mg/dL	0.03 (0–0.07)	0.089
Age, year	0.08 (0.02–0.15)	0.01
Weight, kg	− 0.07 (− 0.14 to − 0.01)	0.029
APACHE III score	0.06 (0.02–0.98)	0.006
Time from hospitalization to ICU, days	0.02 (− 0.04 to 0.09)	0.490
Patient category
Planned surgical	Reference
Unplanned surgical	0.31 (− 1.96 to 2.58)	0.788
Medical from ward	5.72 (2.91–8.52)	< 0.001
Medical from ED	0.87 (− 1.71 to 3.44)	0.51
AKI diagnosis^c
Diluent group (Saline)	1.11 (0.79–1.56)	0.542
Creatinine at ICU admission, mg/dL	2.57 (1.31–5.05)	0.006
Chloride at ICU admission, mmol/L	1.0 (0.96–1.03)	0.816
Age, year	0.99 (0.98–1.01)	0.347
Weight, kg	1.01 (0.99–1.02)	0.273
APACHE III score	1.02 (1.01–1.03)	< 0.001
Time from hospitalization to ICU, days	0.99 (0.98–1.0)	0.034
Patient category
Planned surgical	Reference
Unplanned surgical	0.43 (0.27–0.68)	< 0.001
Medical from ward	0.94 (0.51–1.75)	0.854
Medical from ED	1.31 (0.72–2.38)	0.372

^aPatients with baseline chloride ≥ 110 mmol/L were excluded (311 patients)
^bPatients with blood glucose < 70 mg/dL or ≥ 180 mg/dL were excluded (200 patients)
^cPatients who received a diagnosis of AKI at ICU admission were excluded (205 patients)
AKI acute kidney injury, APACHE III Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III, ED emergency department, ICU intensive care unit, OR odds ratio, SD standard deviation

ISSN: 2052-0492