Table 1 Characteristics of the patients included in this investigation.
From: Endothelial glycocalyx shedding in the acute respiratory distress syndrome after flu syndrome
| Characteristics | Flu syndrome | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
With ARDS N = 30 |
Without ARDS N = 36 |
Control N = 35 | ||
| Demographic | ||||
| Age (years), mean ± sd | 44 ± 16 | 39 ± 17 | 44 ± 9 | 0.280 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 17 (57) | 15 (42) | 18 (51) | 0.700 |
| Clinical presentation, n (%) | ||||
| Fever | 28 (93) | 32 (89) | – | 0.680 |
| Cough | 26 (87) | 28 (78) | – | 0.670 |
| Myalgia | 18 (60) | 27 (75) | – | 0.280 |
| Dyspnea | 29 (97) | 14 (39) | – | < 0.0001 |
| Symptoms duration; days, median (IQR) | 5 (4–7) | 4 (2–5) | – | < 0.0001 |
| Risk factors for severe presentation, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes | 05 (17) | 02 (05) | – | 0.430 |
| Hypertension | 07 (23) | 03 (08) | – | 0.170 |
| Smoking | 06 (20) | 04 (11) | – | 0.490 |
| Pulmonary disease | 7 (23) | 5 (14) | – | 0.350 |
| Cardiac disease | 2 (07) | 2 (06) | – | 1.000 |
| Neurologic disease | 2 (07) | 0 (00) | – | 0.200 |
| Obesity | 4 (13) | 2 (06) | – | 0.400 |
| Pregnancy | 0 (00) | 0 (00) | – | 1.000 |
| Physical examination | ||||
| Heart rate; bpm, mean ± sd | 104 ± 21 | 86 ± 15 | – | 0.0009 |
| SBP; mmHg, mean ± sd | 117 ± 21 | 119 ± 13 | – | 0.750 |
| DBP; mmHg, mean ± sd | 73 ± 15 | 74 ± 8 | – | 0.700 |
| Laboratory test | ||||
| Creatinine; mg/dl, median (IQR) | 1.0 (0.8–1.6) | 0.9 (0.8–1.2) | – | 0.200 |
| Leukocytes; mm3, median (IQR) | 6150 (3900–10100) | 8350 (6300–10900) | – | 0.050 |
| Influenza A IgM positive, n (%) | 8 (27) | 10 (28) | – | 0.930 |
| Influenza A IgG positive, n (%) | 30 (100) | 35 (97) | – | 1.000 |
| Influenza A RT-PCR positive, n/n(%) | 12/23*(52) | 03/25*(12) | – | 0.020 |
| Influenza A RT-PCR or IgM positive, n (%) | 17 (57) | 13(36) | – | 0.100 |
| ARDS classification (Berlin criteria) | ||||
| Mild | 6 (20) | – | – | |
| Moderate | 7 (23) | – | – | |
| Severe | 17 (57) | – | – | |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio; mmHg, median (IQR) | 88 (65–140) | – | – | |
| SOFA score, mean ± sd | 7 ± 4 | – | – | |
| Hospitalization rate, n (%) | 30 (100) | 06 (17) | – | < 0.0001 |
| In-hospital mortality rate, n (%) | 14 (47) | 00 (00) | – | < 0.0001 |