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Table 2 Summary of findings

From: Effects of hypertonic saline versus mannitol in patients with traumatic brain injury in prehospital, emergency department, and intensive care unit settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Outcomes

Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI)

Relative effect (95% CI)

Number of participants (studies)

Certainty of the evidence (GRADE)

Risk with mannitol

Risk with HS

All-cause mortality

382 per 1000

313 per 1000 (187 to 523)

RR 0.82 (0.49 to 1.37)

105 (3 studies)

Very low

90-days mortality

500 per 1000

270 per 1000 (115 to 635)

RR 0.54 (0.23 to 1.27)

58 (2 studies)

Very low

180-days mortality

356 per 1000

292 per 1000(160 to 540)

RR 0.82 (0.45 to 1.52)

85 (2 studies)

Very low

Good neurological outcome

709 per 1000

752 per 1000 (546 to 1000)

RR 1.06 (0.77 to 1.47)

105 (3 studies)

Very low

ICP

-

MD 1.9 lower (6.9 lower to 3.1 higher)

-

58 (2 studies)

Very low

Serum sodium levels

-

MD 2.6 higher (2.76 lower to 7.97 higher)

-

105 (3 studies)

Very low

  1. ICP intracranial pressure, CI confidence interval, HS hypertonic saline, MD mean deviation, RR risk ratio