Table 1 The characteristics of ICU admissions with and without sepsis
Variables | Sepsisa | Non-sepsisa | p |
|---|---|---|---|
n = 9409 | n = 25,582 | ||
Age, years |  |  | < 0.0001 |
 18–44 | 3338 (35.5) | 9676 (37.8) |  |
 45–64 | 3694 (39.3) | 10,496 (41.0) |  |
 ≥ 65 | 2377 (25.3) | 5410 (21.1) |  |
Genderb | |||
 Female | 7849 (88.6) | 21,371 (89.4) | 0.0379 |
Race/ethnicity |  |  | < 0.0001 |
 White | 3345 (35.6) | 10,004 (39.1) |  |
 Hispanic | 2564 (27.5) | 6362 (24.9) |  |
 Black | 2809 (29.9) | 7595 (29.7) |  |
 Other | 691 (7.3) | 1621 (6.3) |  |
Health insurance |  |  | < 0.0001 |
 Private | 2955 (31.4) | 8841 (34.6) |  |
 Medicare | 4521 (48.0) | 10,739 (42.0) |  |
 Medicaid | 1109 (11.8) | 3161 (12.4) |  |
 Uninsured | 736 (7.8) | 2531 (9.9) |  |
 Other | 84 (0.9) | 294 (1.1) |  |
 Missing | 4 (0.04) | 16 (0.06) |  |
Deyo comorbidity indexc | 3.1 (1.9) | 2.4 (1.7) | < 0.0001 |
Selected comorbidities | |||
 Chronic lung disease | 2775 (29.5) | 7033 (27.5) | 0.0002 |
 Congestive heart failure | 3029 (28.9) | 5448 (21.3) | < 0.0001 |
 Cerebrovascular disease | 821 (8.7) | 2386 (9.3) | 0.084 |
 Renal disease | 4865 (51.7) | 7556 (29.5) | < 0.0001 |
 Diabetes | 2390 (25.4) | 5907 (23.1) | < 0.0001 |
 Malignancy | 385 (4.1) | 942 (3.7) | 0.0754 |
 Liver disease | 981 (10.4) | 1505 (5.9) | < 0.0001 |
Transfer from another hospital | 841 (8.9) | 1261 (4.9) | < 0.0001 |
Weekend admission | 2199 (23.4) | 5572 (21.8) | 0.0015 |
Teaching hospital | 2863 (30.4) | 7269 (28.4) | 0.0002 |
Site of infection | Â | NA | Â |
 Respiratory | 4381 (46.6) |  |  |
 Urinary | 3771 (40.1) |  |  |
 Abdominal | 1275 (13.6) |  |  |
 Skin and soft tissue | 664 (7.1) |  |  |
 Device-related | 561 (6.0) |  |  |
 Otherd | 860 (9.1) |  |  |
 Unknown | 572 (6.1) |  |  |
APR-DRG SOI |  |  | < 0.0001 |
 Minor | 2 (< 0.1) | 504 (2) |  |
 Moderate | 267 (2.8) | 8901 (34.8) |  |
 Major | 4108 (43.7) | 13,536 (52.9) |  |
 Extreme | 5032 (53.5) | 2641 (10.3) |  |
Number of organ dysfunctionsc | 1.9 (1.1) | 0.7 (0.9) | < 0.0001 |
Type of organ dysfunctions | |||
 Respiratory | 3692 (39.2) | 2267 (8.9) | < 0.0001 |
 Cardiovascular | 1347 (14.3) | 1750 (6.8) | < 0.0001 |
 Renal | 6748 (71.7) | 8722 (34.1) | < 0.0001 |
 Hepatic | 438 (4.7) | 267 (1.0) | < 0.0001 |
 Hematological | 2136 (22.7) | 2176 (8.5) | < 0.0001 |
 Neurological | 1410 (15.0) | 951 (3.7) | < 0.0001 |
Mechanical ventilation | 2306 (24.5) | 1139 (4.5) | < 0.0001 |
Hemodialysis | 2449 (26.0) | 3657 (14.3) | < 0.0001 |
Hospital length of stay | |||
 Mean (SD) | 11.6 (11.9) | 5.6 (6.0) |  |
 Median (IQR) | 8 (5–14) | 4 (2–7) | < 0.0001 |
Hospital charges | |||
 Mean (SD)c | 126,037 (154,503) | 61,176 (74,303) |  |
 Median (IQR) | 77,389 (42,145–148,895) | 39,834 (23,552–71,865) | < 0.0001 |
Hospital disposition | |||
 Death | 932 (9.9) | 464 (1.8) | < 0.0001 |
 Hospice | 275 (2.9) | 226 (0.9) | < 0.0001 |
 Home | 4403 (46.8) | 18,726 (73.2) | < 0.0001 |
 Home with home health services | 1123 (11.9) | 2416 (9.4) | < 0.0001 |
 Another hospital | 1436 (15.3) | 1885 (7.4) | < 0.0001 |
 Nursing facility | 1092 (11.6) | 1355 (5.3) | < 0.0001 |
 Leave against medical advise | 106 (1.2) | 410 (1.6) | 0.0008 |