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Table 1 Clinical characteristics of injured patients: first academic quartile (April–June) versus second to fourth quartile (July–March)

From: Impact of the academic calendar cycle on survival outcome of injured patients: a retrospective cohort study at a community emergency department in Japan

 

All (n = 20,945)

April–Junea (n = 5,282)

July–Marchb (n = 15,663)

p

Age, years

48.8 ± 26.8

47.0 ± 27.2

49.4 ± 26.6

< 0.001

Male

12,304 (58.7)

3,200 (60.6)

9,104 (58.1)

0.002

Admission phase

   

0.443

 2002–2005

5687 (27.2)

1426 (27.0)

4261 (27.2)

 

 2006–2009

5477 (26.1)

1412 (26.7)

4065 (26.0)

 

 2010–2013

4984 (23.8)

1271 (24.1)

3713 (23.7)

 

 2014–2018

4797 (22.9)

1173 (22.2)

3624 (23.1)

 

Trauma etiology

   

0.359

 Blunt

19,912 (95.1)

5009 (94.8)

14,903 (95.1)

 

 Penetrating

1033 (4.9)

273 (5.2)

760 (4.9)

 

Anatomical severity

    

 ISS

7.2 ± 10.9

7.2 ± 11.3

7.3 ± 10.8

0.138

Physiological severity

 GCS score

   

0.205

  13–15

19,366 (92.5)

4884 (92.5)

14,482 (92.5)

 

  9–12

527 (2.5)

136 (2.6)

391 (2.5)

 

  6–8

287 (1.4)

86 (1.6)

201 (1.3)

 

  4–5

157 (0.7)

33 (0.6)

124 (0.8)

 

  3

608 (2.9)

143 (2.7)

465 (3.0)

 

 SBP, mmHg

   

0.686

  > 89

20,091 (95.9)

5076 (96.1)

15,015 (95.9)

 

  76–89

213 (1.0)

47 (0.9)

166 (1.1)

 

  50–75

205 (1.0)

50 (0.9)

155 (1.0)

 

  1–49

436 (2.1)

109 (2.1)

327 (2.1)

 

 Respiratory rate, breaths/min

   

0.971

  > 29

19,897 (95.0)

5023 (95.1)

14,874 (95.0)

 

  10–29

592 (2.8)

147 (2.8)

445 (2.8)

 

  6–9

50 (0.2)

14 (0.3)

36 (0.2)

 

  1–5

9 (0.04)

2 (0.03)

7 (0.04)

 

  0

397 (1.9)

96 (1.8)

301 (1.9)

 

RTS

7.55 ± 1.21

7.56 ± 1.19

7.55 ± 1.22

0.768

Doctor car system dispatched

2357 (11.3)

618 (11.7)

1739 (11.1)

0.235

Off-hours presentationb

12,424 (59.3)

3248 (61.5)

9176 (58.6)

< 0.001

Emergency surgery

3007 (14.4)

757 (14.3)

2250 (14.4)

0.952

Emergency ETI

1253 (6.0)

315 (6.0)

938 (6.0)

0.947

  1. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, n (%), or median (interquartile range)
  2. ETI endotracheal intubation, GCS Glasgow coma scale, ISS injury severity score, RTS revised trauma score, SBP systolic blood pressure
  3. aIn Japan, the academic cycle typically begins on 1 April each year. The first academic quartile therefore corresponds to April to June
  4. b6:01 pm to 8:00 am on weekdays plus all weekend hours