Fig. 1

The effects of proinflammatory cytokines on protein expression in A549 cells. a Combinations of proinflammatory cytokines significantly augmented inflammation-associated protein expression in A549. A549 cells were stimulated with the indicated cytokines. Twenty-four hours after cytokine stimulation, total cell lysate was collected and then subjected to western blotting. iNOS and ICAM-1 expression were dose-dependently augmented by IFN-γ added with TNF-α/IL-1β. Cox-2 expression was augmented when TNF-α was added with IL-1β. b The temporal changes in inflammation-associated protein expression induced by cytokines (cytokine mixture, CM) in A549 cells. Total cell lysate was collected at the indicated time points after CM stimulation and then subjected to western blotting using the indicated antibodies. iNOS and cox-2 induction peaked at 24 h after CM stimulation and gradually decreased thereafter. HO-1 disappeared 24 h after CM stimulation. Phosphorylation of Akt (p-Akt) decreased gradually as time went by both in T308 and S473, while phosphorylation of H2AX (p-H2AX) became prominent 48 h after CM stimulation. Cytokine mixture (CM): TNF-α(10 ng/ml), IL-1β(10 ng/ml), and IFN-γ(10 ng/ml)