Table 2 Decline in arm muscle thickness and outcome
Muscle thickness | Day 1 | Day 3 | Day 5 | Day 7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
a. In-hospital mortality | ||||
Survivors (n) | 59 | 59 | 53 | 28 |
Muscle thickness (mean ± SD) | 23.0 ± 5.4 | 22.5 ± 4.9 | 21.9 ± 4.9 | 21.0 ± 5.3 |
% Decline [median (IQR)] | NA | 3.5 (1.3, 5.8) | 5.5 (2.8, 8.8) | 4.7 (2.7, 12.1) |
Non-Survivors (n) | 11 | 11 | 10 | 7 |
Muscle thickness (mean ± SD) | 21.6 ± 4.1 | 19.8 ± 3.7 | 19.0 ± 2.9 | 18.0 ± 2.5 |
% Decline [median (IQR)] | NA | 8.8 (6.7, 10.1) | 15.5 (13.1, 16.4) | 19.6 (10.7, 21.7) |
p value (% decline) | NA | 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.013 |
b. ICU-acquired weakness | ||||
Absent (n) | 55 | 55 | 48 | 23 |
Muscle thickness (mean ± SD) | 22.4 ± 5.1 | 22.0 ± 4.5 | 21.5 ± 4.5 | 20.5 ± 4.2 |
% Decline [median (IQR)] | NA | 3.6 (1.3, 5.8) | 5.6 (2.8, 9.5) | 5.6 (2.5, 11.2) |
Present (n) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 12 |
Muscle thickness (mean ± SD) | 24.0 ± 5.9 | 22.4 ± 5.8 | 21.4 ± 5.9 | 20.2 ± 6.4 |
% Decline [median (IQR)] | NA | 6.5 (2.7, 9.6) | 11.8 (3.2, 17.1) | 16.8 (4.3, 25.7) |
p value (% decline) | NA | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.03 |
c. 90-day outcome | ||||
Stable outcome (n) | 42 | 42 | 36 | 17 |
Muscle thickness (mean ± SD) | 23.3 ± 5.6 | 23.3 ± 4.8 | 23.1 ± 4.8 | 23.0 ± 5.2 |
% Decline [median (IQR)] | NA | 2.3 (1.0, 3.8) | 3.6 (2.6, 5.8) | 4.0 (2.1, 4.4) |
Poor outcome (n) | 17 | 17 | 17 | 11 |
Muscle thickness (mean ± SD) | 22.2 ± 5.1 | 20.5 ± 4.6 | 19.3 ± 4.4 | 18.0 ± 3.9 |
% Decline [median (IQR)] | NA | 8.6 (5.9, 11.1) | 13.4 (8.8, 17.1) | 14.4 (11.2, 17.1) |
p value (% decline) | NA | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | 0.0004 |