|
Matching variables
|
|
Sex (male)
|
39(65%)
|
13(65%)
|
26(65%)
|
1.000
|
|
Single-ventricle anatomy
|
39(65%)
|
13(65%)
|
26(65%)
|
1.000
|
|
Birth gestation (weeks)
|
38.5(1.6)
|
38(1.7)
|
38.7(1.5)
|
0.176
|
|
Year of treatment
|
2008.2(3.4)
|
2008.4(3.4)
|
2008.1(3.4)
|
0.747
|
|
Chromosomal abnormality
|
6(10%)
|
2(10%)
|
4(10%)
|
1.000
|
|
Socioeconomic index
|
n = 38
|
n = 9
|
n = 29
|
0.522
|
|
44.0(15.0)
|
47.8(2.1)
|
42.9(12.6)
|
|
Demographic variables
|
|
Antenatal diagnosis
|
41(68.3%)
|
12(60%)
|
29(72.5%)
|
0.384
|
|
Birth weight (grams)
|
3227.3(523.8)
|
3121.5(542.2)
|
3280(513.1)
|
0.272
|
|
Age at time of surgery (days)
|
13.1(10.4)
|
12.6(8.7)
|
13.3(11.2)
|
0.801
|
|
Mother’s years of schooling
|
n = 38
|
n = 9
|
n = 29
|
0.855
|
|
13.6(2.5)
|
13.4(3.2)
|
13.6(2.3)
|
|
Operating room variables
|
|
Cardiopulmonary bypass time (minutes)
|
n = 52
|
n = 19
|
n = 33
|
0.091
|
|
120.3(59.6)
|
142.4(80.9)
|
107.6(39.1)
|
|
Aortic cross-clamp time (minutes)
|
n = 52
|
n = 19
|
n = 33
|
0.301
|
|
56.5(30.2)
|
63.3(41.3)
|
52.5(21.2)
|
|
Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time (minutes)
|
n = 47
|
n = 16
|
n = 31
|
0.304
|
|
24(16)
|
27(19)
|
22(14)
|
|
Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest used
|
47(81%)
|
16(80%)
|
31(81.6%)
|
1.000
|
|
Need to re-institute cardiopulmonary bypass
|
5(9%)
|
4(20%)
|
1(2.8%)
|
0.050
|
|
Post-operative day 1 variables
|
|
Highest lactate (mmol/L)
|
6.3(4.0)
|
8.2(4.8)
|
5.4(3.3)
|
0.027
|
|
Highest vasoactive-inotrope score
|
22.1(27.3)
|
36.7(36.1)
|
14.9(18.1)
|
0.017
|
|
Highest epinephrine dose (μg/kg/min)
|
0.18(0.31)
|
0.21(0.26)
|
0.16(0.34)
|
0.579
|
|
Lowest pH
|
7.28(0.07)
|
7.26(0.07)
|
7.30(0.07)
|
0.100
|
|
Lowest base deficit
|
− 3.3(3.3)
|
− 5.1(3.7)
|
− 2.5(2.7)
|
0.008
|
|
Highest creatinine (μmol/L)
|
59.6(23.2)
|
63.3(28.0)
|
57.6(20.4)
|
0.373
|
|
Open sternum from operating room
|
44(73%)
|
18(90%)
|
26(65%)
|
0.062
|
|
Heart transplant at any time
|
5 (8%)
|
3 (15%)
|
2 (5%)
|
0.322
|
|
Outcomes
|
|
Death by 2 years
|
22(36.7%)
|
11(55.0%)
|
11(27.5%)
|
0.049
|
|
Death by 30 days
|
9(15%)
|
7(35%)
|
2(5%)
|
0.004
|
|
General Adaptive Composite on the ABAS-II
|
n = 38
|
n = 9
|
n = 29
|
0.002
|
|
85.6 (18.3)
|
69.7 (12.9)
|
90.5 (16.9)
|
|
General Adaptive Composite < 70 (2 SD below mean; populations expected 2.27%)
|
8/38 (21%)
|
5/9 (56%)
|
3/29 (10%)
|
0.010
|
|
Length, z-score at 2 years
|
− 0.47 (1.1)
|
− 0.70 (1.7)
|
− 0.40 (.88)
|
0.617
|
|
Weight, z-score at 2 years
|
− 0.55 (1.2)
|
− 0.93 (1.7)
|
− 0.43 (.98)
|
0.267
|
