Table 9 Outcomes in smokers, former smokers, and never smokers with severe sepsis or septic shock due to pneumonia (N = 241)
From: The impact of smoking on patient outcomes in severe sepsis and septic shock
Outcomes | Current smokers (N = 53) | Non-smokers (N = 188) | P value* | Former smokers (N = 116) | P value** | Never smokers (N = 72) | P value§ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mortality‡—n (%) | 18 (34) | 45 (24) | 0.14 | 33 (28) | 0.47 | 12 (17) | 0.03 |
Hospital LOS—median days (IQR) | 8 (5–20) | 7 (4–12) | 0.13 | 7.5 (4–13) | 0.16 | 7 (5–12) | 0.20 |
Hospital LOS in survivors | 10 (5–21) | 7 (4–12) | 0.02 | 7 (4–13) | 0.03 | 7 (5–12) | 0.05 |
ICU LOS | 7 (3–13) | 6 (3–12) | 0.70 | 6 (3–11) | 0.77 | 6 (2–12) | 0.68 |
ICU LOS survivors | 8 (4–13) | 5 (2–12) | 0.14 | 4 (2–11) | 0.14 | 6 (3–12) | 0.28 |
Required ICU admission—n (%) | 41 (77) | 104 (55) | < 0.01 | 66 (57) | 0.01 | 38 (53) | < 0.01 |
Required vasopressors—n (%) | 33 (62) | 72 (38) | < 0.01 | 48 (41) | 0.01 | 24 (33) | < 0.01 |
Vasopressor days—median (IQR) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (2–6) | 0.73 | 3 (2–6) | 0.62 | 3 (2–5) | 0.97 |
Required mechanical ventilation—n (%) | 39 (74) | 66 (35) | < 0.01 | 42 (36) | < 0.01 | 24 (33) | < 0.01 |
Ventilator days | 5 (3–12) | 6 (3–10) | 0.78 | 6 (3–11) | 0.60 | 4 (3–8) | 0.85 |
Required dialysis—n (%) | 6 (11) | 15 (8) | 0.45 | 10 (9) | 0.58 | 5 (7) | 0.39 |
Dialysis days | 4.5 (3–10) | 6 (2–14) | 0.70 | 10 (4–14) | 0.32 | 2 (2–2) | 0.52 |