Table 2 Approach sites and complications of ECMO
Year | 2009 | 2016 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Approach site of drainage cannula | 0.021 | ||
Femoral vein | 14 (100) | 8 (57) | |
Right jugular vein | 0 (0) | 6 (43) | |
Approach site of return cannula | 0.0498 | ||
Femoral vein | 2 (14) | 6 (43) | |
Right jugular vein | 12 (86) | 6 (43) | |
Femoral artery | 0 (0) | 2 (14) | |
Adverse events directly related to the ECMO circuit | |||
Oxygenator failure | 7 (50) | 6 (43) | > 0.99 |
Blood clots | |||
Oxygenator | 3 (21) | 8 (57) | 0.12 |
Other circuit | 1 (7) | 2 (14) | > 0.99 |
Cannula-related problems | 3 (21) | 3 (21) | > 0.99 |
Pump head complications | 1 (7) | 1 (7) | > 0.99 |
Adverse events indirectly related to the ECMO circuit | |||
Massive bleeding | |||
Surgical site | 4 (29) | 3 (21) | > 0.99 |
Upper digestive tract | 4 (29) | 2 (14) | 0.65 |
Cannulation site | 2 (14) | 2 (14) | > 0.99 |
Pulmonary hemorrhage | 1 (7) | 0 (0) | > 0.99 |
Hemolysis | 2 (14) | 1 (7) | > 0.99 |
Disseminated intravascular coagulation | 10 (71) | 5 (36) | 0.13 |
Venous thrombus | 2 (14) | 4 (21) | 0.50 |