Utility of SOFA score, management and outcomes of sepsis in Southeast Asia: a multinational multicenter prospective observational study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Characteristics	No. of patients (%, n = 454)
Sex, male	287 (63%)
Age
≥ 18–< 40 years	120 (26%)
≥ 40–< 60 years	169 (37%)
≥ 60 years old	165 (36%)
Country
Indonesia	51 (11%)
Thailand	277 (61%)
Vietnam	126 (27%)
Preexisting known conditions
Diabetes	88 (19%)
Hypertension	127 (28%)
Chronic kidney disease	45 (10%)
Chronic lung disease	21 (5%)
HIV/AIDS	0
Clinical presentations*
Acute respiratory tract infection	243 (54%)
Acute diarrhea	107 (24%)
Acute central nervous system (CNS) infection	62 (14%)
Acute systematic infection	128 (28%)
SOFA score (mean, SD)^†	5.0 ± 3.2

*The clinical presentations (in some cases, more than one) were defined based on the major presenting clinical symptoms. Acute respiratory tract infection was defined as manifestation of at least one respiratory symptom for no longer than 14 days. Acute diarrhea was defined as diarrhea for no longer than 14 days. Acute CNS infection was defined as manifestation of CNS symptoms for no longer than 14 days or the presence of signs of CNS infection on admission. Systemic infection was defined as the absence of acute respiratory infection, acute diarrhea, and acute CNS infection
^†Total maximum SOFA scores from the pre-transfer period up to 24 h of admission