Location | Normal findings | Abnormal findings |
---|---|---|
Chest wall | Hypoechoic intercostal muscle and echoic ribs with acoustic shadow | Subcutaneous emphysema (E-lines) |
Pleural line | Lung sliding | Lung point |
Lung pulse | Pleural line abnormalities | |
• Irregular | ||
• Thickened | ||
• Fragmented | ||
Supleural space | A-linesa | Multiple B-lines (3 or more per intercostal space) consolidation pleural effusion |
Few or no B-lines (2 or less per intercostal space) |