Fig. 4
Time course of plasma dilution following crystalloid infusion in volunteers under normovolemia and after blood withdrawal. Ringer’s acetate solution (25 ml kg−1) was intravenously infused over 30 min to male volunteers when they were normovolemic and after 900 ml of blood had been withdrawn. Plasma dilution (no unit) was indicated by blood hemoglobin changes. Cited from reference [23] with permission