Table 2 Sociodemographic profile and selected clinical variables of participants according to the presence or absence of significant arrhythmia and presence of premature complexes
From: Risk factors and clinical outcomes of arrhythmias in the medical intensive care unit
All (n = 215) | No arrhythmia (n = 109) | Arrhythmiaa (n = 62) | Premature complexesb (n = 44) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic characteristics | |||||
Age, median (IQR) | 62 (48–77) | 51 (39–64)c,d | 66 (55–81)c | 72 (64–82)d | <0.001 |
Male gender, n (%) | 128 (59.5) | 62 (56.9) | 37 (59.7) | 29 (65.9) | 0.588 |
Race/ethnicity (n = 198), n (%) | |||||
Hispanic white | 133 (67.2) | 62 (62.6) | 39 (67.2) | 32 (78.1) | 0.265 |
Hispanic black | 61 (30.8) | 34 (34.3) | 19 (32.8) | 8 (19.5) | |
Other | 4 (2.0) | 3 (3.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.4) | |
Civil status (n = 201), n (%) | |||||
Single/divorced | 91 (45.3) | 46 (46.9) | 29 (49.2) | 16 (36.4) | 0.083 |
Married | 79 (39.3) | 43 (43.9) | 17 (28.8) | 19 (43.2) | |
Widowed | 31 (15.4) | 9 (9.2) | 13 (22.0) | 9 (20.5) | |
Education (n = 139), n (%) | |||||
<High school | 78 (56.1) | 41 (55.4) | 20 (60.6) | 17 (53.1) | 0.818 |
High school graduate or more | 61 (43.9) | 33 (44.6) | 13 (39.4) | 15 (46.9) | |
Employment (n = 181), n (%) | |||||
Employed | 42 (23.2) | 24 (25.3) | 11 (24.4) | 7 (17.1) | 0.047 |
Unemployed | 80 (44.2) | 48 (50.5) | 19 (42.2) | 13 (31.7) | |
Retired/disabled | 59 (32.6) | 23 (24.2)c | 15 (33.3) | 21 (51.2)c | |
Medical insurance, n (%) | |||||
Medicaid | 135 (62.8) | 80 (73.4)c,d | 34 (54.8)c | 21 (47.7)d | 0.013 |
Medicare | 46 (21.4) | 14 (12.8)c | 15 (24.2) | 17 (38.6)c | |
Private | 19 (8.8) | 8 (7.3) | 7 (11.3) | 4 (9.1) | |
Uninsured | 15 (7.0) | 7 (6.4) | 6 (9.7) | 2 (4.6) | |
Risky behaviors | |||||
Tobacco smokers (n = 202), n (%) | 78 (38.6) | 36 (36.4) | 25 (41.7) | 17 (39.5) | 0.793 |
Illicit drug users (n = 204), n (%) | 38 (18.6) | 24 (23.8) | 9 (14.8) | 5 (11.9) | 0.164 |
Alcohol drinkers (n = 201), n (%) | 47 (23.4) | 19 (19.4) | 12 (19.7) | 16 (38.1) | 0.040 |
Pre-existing conditions | |||||
Hypertension (n = 210), n (%) | 134 (63.8) | 57 (53.3)c | 41 (69.5) | 36 (81.8)c | 0.002 |
Diabetes (n = 211), n (%) | 96 (45.5) | 49 (45.8) | 25 (41.7) | 22 (50.0) | 0.698 |
CHF (n = 209), n (%) | 26 (12.4) | 8 (7.6)c | 8 (13.3) | 10 (22.7)c | 0.038 |
CAD (n = 209), n (%) | 67 (32.1) | 31 (29.5) | 20 (33.3) | 16 (36.4) | 0.695 |
Dyslipidemia (n = 210), n (%) | 35 (16.7) | 14 (13.2) | 11 (18.3) | 10 (22.7) | 0.333 |
HIV (n = 210), n (%) | 11 (5.2) | 5 (4.7) | 3 (5.0) | 3 (6.8) | 0.848 |
CKD (n = 210), n (%) | 27 (12.9) | 11 (10.4) | 8 (13.3) | 8 (18.2) | 0.426 |
Asthma/COPD (n = 210), n (%) | 37 (17.6) | 21 (19.8) | 8 (13.3) | 8 (18.2) | 0.571 |
Liver disease (n = 212), n (%) | 20 (9.4) | 12 (11.1) | 5 (8.3) | 3 (6.8) | 0.745 |
Outcomes | |||||
Length of stay in ICU (days) | |||||
Total | 1964 | 968 | 686 | 310 | – |
Median (IQR) | 5 (3–11) | 5 (3–8) | 7 (4–13) | 4 (3–11) | 0.089 |
In-hospital mortality, n (%) | 57 (26.5) | 21 (19.3)c | 29 (46.8) c, d | 7 (15.9)d | <0.001 |