Table 1 Relevant patient variables and baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in this study
Study group ( n = 23) | Control group ( n = 23) | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 71 (66–77) | 74 (60–80) | 0.717 | ||
Gender, n (%) | 0.314 | ||||
Male | 15 (65.2) | 19 (82.6) | |||
Female | 8 (34.8) | 4 (17.4) | |||
Reason for admission, n (%) | 0.418 | ||||
Medical | 5 (21.7) | 6 (26.1) | NS | ||
Elective surgery | 6 (2.1) | 4 (17.4) | NS | ||
Trauma | 4 (17.4) | 9 (39.1) | NS | ||
Emergency surgery | 5 (21.7) | 3 (13.0) | NS | ||
Burn | 3 (13.0) | 1 (4.3) | NS | ||
EN start time, hours | 20 (8–24) | 20 (8–24) | 0.805 | ||
Catecholamine use, n (%) | 16 (69.6) | 14 (60.9) | 0.758 | ||
Baseline comorbidities, n (%) | |||||
Hypertension | 12 (52.2) | 14 (60.9) | 0.767 | ||
Cardiac disease | 11 (47.8) | 7 (30.4) | 0.365 | ||
Diabetes mellitus | 7 (30.4) | 5 (21.7) | 0.738 | ||
Oncological disease | 2 (8.7) | 4 (17.4) | 0.665 | ||
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 2 (8.7) | 3 (13.0) | 1.000 | ||
Chronic kidney disease | 2 (8.7) | 3 (13.0) | 1.000 | ||
Cerebrovascular disease | 2 (8.7) | 3 (13.0) | 1.000 | ||
Liver disease | 1 (4.3) | 1 (4.3) | 1.000 | ||
APACHE II score on onset | 24 (21–28) | 23 (21–26) | 0.860 | ||
SOFA score on onset | 10 (6–13) | 9 (8–13) | 0.947 | ||
No. of organ failures, n (%) | 0.274 | ||||
1 | 8 (34.8) | 6 (26.1) | NS | ||
2 | 6 (26.1) | 12 (52.2) | NS | ||
3 | 7 (30.4) | 3 (13.0) | NS | ||
4 | 2 (8.7) | 2 (8.7) | NS | ||
Infection sites, n (%) | 0.851 | ||||
Pulmonary | 7 (30.4) | 9 (39.1) | NS | ||
Bacteremia | 4 (17.4) | 6 (26.1) | NS | ||
Abdomen | 3 (13.0) | 3 (13.0) | NS | ||
Soft tissue | 2 (8.7) | 2 (8.7) | NS | ||
Burn wound | 3 (13.0) | 1 (4.3) | NS | ||
Urinary tract | 3 (13.0) | 1 (4.3) | NS | ||
Others | 1 (4.3) | 1 (4.3) | NS | ||
Tidal volume, mL/kg | 7.1 (6.6–7.8) | 7.0 (6.3–8.4) | |||
PEEP, cmH2O | 11.0 (9.0–15.0) | 11.0 (9.0–14.0) | |||
Plateau airway pressure, cmH2O | 28.2 (23.6–30.6) | 26.8 (21.6–31.5) | |||
Respiratory rate, breaths/min | 23.0 (17.0–27.0) | 22.0 (18.0–25.0) | |||
Ejection fraction, % | 62.4 (43.7–69.3) (n = 21) | 61.3 (45.0–78.5) (n = 19) | |||
Sivelestat sodium use, n (%) | 21 (91.3) | 19 (82.6) | |||
Steroid use, n (%) | 11 (47.8) | 12 (52.2) | |||
Sedation drugs | |||||
Midazolam use, n (%) | 19 (82.6) | 21 (91.3) | |||
Propofol use, n (%) | 3 (13.0) | 2 (8.7) | |||
Dexmedetomidine use, n (%) | 4 (17.4) | 4 (17.4) | |||
Analgesics | |||||
Fentanyl, n (%) | 15 (65.2) | 13 (56.5) | |||
Buprenorphine, n (%) | 8 (34.8) | 10 (43.5) | |||
Actual body weight, kg | 60 (55–66) | 63 (58–66) | 0.409 | ||
Ideal body weight, kg | 59.9 (54.2–62.1) | 59.9 (56.3–60.6) | 0.930 | ||
Body mass index | 23.2 (21.3–23.7) | 23.1 (22.0–23.9) | 0.684 | ||
Goal calories, kcal/day | 1453.6 (1347.9–1574.0) | 1454.2 (1364.5–1569.6) | 0.956 | ||
Day 7 | Day 14 | Day 7 | Day 14 | ||
Calorie intake, kcal/kg/daya | 18.78 (18.12–20.21) | 24.22 (23.32–25.90) | 19.48 (15.73–20.68) | 24.32 (22.67–25.75) | |
Protein intake, g/kg/dayb | 0.781 (0.700–0.837) | 0.988 (0.933–1.063) | 0.613 (0.529–0.683) | 0.810 (0.749–0.863) | |