|
Predictors
|
HR
|
95% CI
|
P
value
|
|---|
|
Male gender
|
1.31
|
0.96–1.79
|
0.088
|
|
Age >60
|
1.08
|
0.79–1.48
|
0.609
|
|
Comorbidities
| | | |
|
Renal diseases
|
1.24
|
0.89–1.70
|
0.193
|
|
Cerebrovascular diseases
|
0.85
|
0.59–1.21
|
0.365
|
|
Cardiovascular diseases
|
0.95
|
0.67–1.34
|
0.790
|
|
COPD
|
0.90
|
0.60–1.37
|
0.638
|
|
DM
|
1.13
|
0.76–1.70
|
0.541
|
|
Immunocompromised hosts
|
1.68
|
1.18–2.40
|
0.004
|
|
Malignancy
|
2.24
|
1.54–3.27
|
<0.001
|
|
Hematologic diseases
|
1.50
|
0.92–2.45
|
0.102
|
|
Hepatic diseases
|
1.15
|
0.67–2.00
|
0.601
|
|
Late-onset VAP
|
1.05
|
0.64–1.71
|
0.846
|
|
CXR: extents of infiltration
| | | |
|
Multi-lobes
|
1.41
|
0.91–2.19
|
0.128
|
|
Septic shock
|
6.60
|
4.54–9.60
|
<0.001
|
|
Severity score
| | | |
|
SAPS II >45
|
5.36
|
3.71–7.73
|
<0.001
|
|
SOFA >5
|
8.18
|
5.20–12.87
|
<0.001
|
|
Admission ≥7 days before VAP onset
|
1.18
|
0.85–1.62
|
0.309
|
|
Pathogens
| | | |
|
Polymicrobial
|
1.15
|
0.84–1.56
|
0.385
|
|
P. aeruginosa
|
1.34
|
0.95–1.90
|
0.095
|
|
MRSA
|
1.45
|
0.97–2.14
|
0.065
|
|
K. pneumoniae
|
1.27
|
0.67–2.41
|
0.460
|
|
Othersa
|
0.69
|
0.36–1.30
|
0.249
|
|
Groups of A. baumannii
| | | |
|
DS
|
1
| | |
|
MDR
|
1.75
|
0.74–4.16
|
0.119
|
|
XDR
|
3.38
|
1.58–7.25
|
0.002
|
|
PDR
|
4.42
|
1.60–12.20
|
0.004
|
|
Empirical antibiotic treatment
| | | |
|
Combined antibiotics
|
1.28
|
0.91–1.78
|
0.152
|
|
Inappropriate
|
2.30
|
1.70–3.13
|
<0.001
|
-
SAPS II Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, DS drug-sensitive, MDR multidrug-resistant, XDR extensively drug-resistant, PDR pandrug-resistant A. baumannii, MRSA methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, CXR chest X-ray.
-
aOthers including E. coli, S. maltophilia, H. influenzae, methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp., VAP ventilator-associated pneumonia.
