Figure 4

Triggers for immunothrombosis. Detection of PAMPs and DAMPs triggers NET release by neutrophils and tissue factor expression on monocytes, promoting immunothrombosis. NETs are able to activate coagulation factor XII, inactivate anticoagulant TFPI, and provide a scaffold for platelet binding and aggregation, all of which promote thrombus formation. A part of monocyte-associated tissue factor is released in the form of microparticles and delivered into developing thrombi.