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Table 2 The comparison of infectious subgroups

From: Procalcitonin for the differential diagnosis of infectious and non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome after cardiac surgery

 

Sepsis (n = 11)

Severe sepsis without shock (n = 12)

Septic shock (n = 24)

p value

Age (year)

70.6 ± 13.7

65.2 ± 19.0

67.8 ± 15.3

0.716

Gender, n (%)

   

0.058

 Male

5 (45.5)

11 (91.7)

16 (66.7)

 

 Female

6 (54.5)

1 (8.3)

8 (33.3)

 

BMI, kg/m2

21.6 (18.4,24.1)

20.6 (20.1,21.7)

23.9 (20.5,28.8)

0.090

Concomitant disease, n (%)

    

 Diabetes mellitus

3 (27.3)

6 (50.0)

9 (37.5)

0.531

 Hypertension

5 (45.5)

3 (25.0)

12 (50.0)

0.351

 CKD

4 (36.4)

2 (16.7)

13 (54.2)

0.001

CPB duration, min

102.0 ± 129.4

187.5 ± 134.8

245.6 ± 133.4

0.017

Aortic cross clamping, min

69.4 ± 92.4

108.8 ± 84.2

107.8 ± 111.4

0.542

Operation time, min

418.5 ± 136.1

540.8 ± 121.7

534.5 ± 231.9

0.206

Blood loss, mL

802 (398,2489)

6790 (1364,8324)

2530 (1227,4961)

0.019

APACHE II

15.5 ± 6.1

16.8 ± 7.6

23.5 ± 6.2

0.002

SOFA

5.5 ± 1.4

5.9 ± 2.9

8.2 ± 2.5

0.004

ICU stay, day

12.0 (4.0,23.0)

13.0 (7.3,24.5)

49.5 (17.8,81)

0.001

Hospital stay, day

60.9 ± 59.6

114.2 ± 85.5

124.5 ± 101.0

0.152

30-Day mortality, n (%)

0

0

3 (12.5)

0.215

Hospital mortality, n (%)

0

0

22 (91.7)

0.001

MV duration, h

40.0 (16.0,183.0)

58.5 (13.5,404.3)

992.5 (276.3,1559.3)

0.001

CRRT, n (%)

3 (27.3)

2 (16.7)

21 (87.5)

0.001

PMX-DHP, n (%)

0

0

17 (70.8)

0.001

ECMO, n (%)

0

1 (8.3)

12 (50.0)

0.001

DIC, n (%)

0

1 (8.3)

22 (91.7)

0.024

PCT, ng/mL

1.37 (0.72,1.85)

3.16 (0.48,13.24)

3.68 (1.67,20.96)

0.024

WBC, ×103/μL

12.40 (9.10,24.20)

13.30 (9.93,16.93)

20.40 (13.45,28.6)

0.060

CRP, mg/dL

12.00 (7.40,18.00)

13.57 (8.17,18.13)

17.11 (15.15,30.6)

0.009

Gram positive, n (%)

    

 MRSA

0

0

6 (25.0)

0.037

S. epidermidis

2 (18.7)

4 (33.3)

1 (4.2)

0.064

E. faecalia

0

0

3 (12.5)

0.215

C. striatum

0

0

3 (12.5)

0.215

Gram negative, n (%)

    

S. marcescens

0

2 (16.7)

2 (8.3)

0.359

P. aeruginosa

1 (9.1)

1 (8.3)

3 (12.5)

0.913

B. cepacia

1 (9.1)

1 (8.3)

1 (4.2)

0.815

K. pneumoniae

1 (9.1)

1 (8.3)

0

0.335

Candida, n (%)

    

C. albicans

4 (36.4)

2 (16.7)

3 (12.5)

0.242

C. glabrata

0

0

2 (8.3)

0.368

C. parapsilosis

0

1 (8.3)

1 (4.2)

0.613

C. tropicalis

1 (9.1)

1 (8.3)

1 (4.2)

0.815

  1. MRSA methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; for other abbreviations, see Table 1.